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| | <StructureSection load='3ryt' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3ryt]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.58Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='3ryt' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3ryt]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.58Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3ryt]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lk3_transgenic_mice Lk3 transgenic mice]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3RYT OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3RYT FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3ryt]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3RYT OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3RYT FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GNP:PHOSPHOAMINOPHOSPHONIC+ACID-GUANYLATE+ESTER'>GNP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.582Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">Kiaa4053, Plexin A1, Plxna1 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=10090 LK3 transgenic mice]), MIG5, RAC1, TC25 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GNP:PHOSPHOAMINOPHOSPHONIC+ACID-GUANYLATE+ESTER'>GNP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr> |
| | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ryt FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3ryt OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3ryt PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3ryt RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3ryt PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3ryt ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ryt FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3ryt OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3ryt PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3ryt RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3ryt PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3ryt ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PLXA1_MOUSE PLXA1_MOUSE]] Coreceptor for SEMA3A, SEMA3C, SEMA3F and SEMA6D. Necessary for signaling by class 3 semaphorins and subsequent remodeling of the cytoskeleton. Plays a role in axon guidance, invasive growth and cell migration. Class 3 semaphorins bind to a complex composed of a neuropilin and a plexin. The plexin modulates the affinity of the complex for specific semaphorins, and its cytoplasmic domain is required for the activation of down-stream signaling events in the cytoplasm.<ref>PMID:10520994</ref> <ref>PMID:10781943</ref> [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RAC1_HUMAN RAC1_HUMAN]] Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarization and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. Rac1 p21/rho GDI heterodimer is the active component of the cytosolic factor sigma 1, which is involved in stimulation of the NADPH oxidase activity in macrophages (By similarity). Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. Stimulates PKN2 kinase activity. In concert with RAB7A, plays a role in regulating the formation of RBs (ruffled borders) in osteoclasts. In glioma cells, promotes cell migration and invasion.<ref>PMID:1643658</ref> <ref>PMID:9121475</ref> <ref>PMID:19934221</ref> <ref>PMID:19403692</ref> <ref>PMID:20696765</ref> Isoform B has an accelerated GEF-independent GDP/GTP exchange and an impaired GTP hydrolysis, which is restored partially by GTPase-activating proteins. It is able to bind to the GTPase-binding domain of PAK but not full-length PAK in a GTP-dependent manner, suggesting that the insertion does not completely abolish effector interaction.<ref>PMID:1643658</ref> <ref>PMID:9121475</ref> <ref>PMID:19934221</ref> <ref>PMID:19403692</ref> <ref>PMID:20696765</ref>
| + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PLXA1_MOUSE PLXA1_MOUSE] Coreceptor for SEMA3A, SEMA3C, SEMA3F and SEMA6D. Necessary for signaling by class 3 semaphorins and subsequent remodeling of the cytoskeleton. Plays a role in axon guidance, invasive growth and cell migration. Class 3 semaphorins bind to a complex composed of a neuropilin and a plexin. The plexin modulates the affinity of the complex for specific semaphorins, and its cytoplasmic domain is required for the activation of down-stream signaling events in the cytoplasm.<ref>PMID:10520994</ref> <ref>PMID:10781943</ref> |
| - | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
| + | |
| - | == Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
| + | |
| - | Plexins are cell surface receptors that bind to semaphorins and transduce signals that regulate neuronal development, immune responses, and other processes. Signaling through plexins has been proposed to rely on specific guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating protein (GAP) activity for R-Ras and M-Ras. Activation of this GAP activity of plexins appears to require simultaneous binding of semaphorin to the plexin extracellular domain and of the Rho GTPases Rac1 or Rnd1 to the cytoplasmic region. However, GAP activity of plexins has eluded detection in several recent studies. We show that the purified cytoplasmic region of plexin uses a noncanonical catalytic mechanism to act as a GAP for Rap, but not for R-Ras or M-Ras. The RapGAP activity of plexins was autoinhibited and was activated by induced dimerization. Biochemical and crystallographic analyses demonstrated that binding of Rho GTPases did not directly contribute to activation of plexin RapGAP activity. Semaphorin stimulated the RapGAP activity of full-length plexin in cells, which was required for plexin-mediated neuronal growth cone collapse. Together, these findings define a pathway for plexin signaling and provide insights into the mechanism for semaphorin-induced activation of plexins.
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| - | Plexins Are GTPase-Activating Proteins for Rap and Are Activated by Induced Dimerization.,Wang Y, He H, Srivastava N, Vikarunnessa S, Chen YB, Jiang J, Cowan CW, Zhang X Sci Signal. 2012 Jan 17;5(207):ra6. PMID:22253263<ref>PMID:22253263</ref>
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| - | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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| - | </div>
| + | |
| - | <div class="pdbe-citations 3ryt" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
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| | | | |
| | ==See Also== | | ==See Also== |
| - | *[[Plexin|Plexin]] | + | *[[Plexin 3D structures|Plexin 3D structures]] |
| | *[[Rac 3D structures|Rac 3D structures]] | | *[[Rac 3D structures|Rac 3D structures]] |
| | == References == | | == References == |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Lk3 transgenic mice]] | + | [[Category: Mus musculus]] |
| - | [[Category: He, H]] | + | [[Category: He H]] |
| - | [[Category: Zhang, X]] | + | [[Category: Zhang X]] |
| - | [[Category: Gtpase activating protein]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Plexin]]
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| - | [[Category: Rac]]
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| - | [[Category: Rasgap]]
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| - | [[Category: Signaling protein]]
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