1f62

Structural highlights

Disease

BAZ1B_HUMAN Note=BAZ1B is located in the Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) critical region. WBS results from a hemizygous deletion of several genes on chromosome 7q11.23, thought to arise as a consequence of unequal crossing over between highly homologous low-copy repeat sequences flanking the deleted region. Haploinsufficiency of BAZ1B may be the cause of certain cardiovascular and musculo-skeletal abnormalities observed in the disease.^[1]

Function

BAZ1B_HUMAN Atypical tyrosine-protein kinase that plays a central role in chromatin remodeling and acts as a transcription regulator. Involved in DNA damage response by phosphorylating 'Tyr-142' of histone H2AX (H2AXY142ph). H2AXY142ph plays a central role in DNA repair and acts as a mark that distinguishes between apoptotic and repair responses to genotoxic stress. Essential component of the WICH complex, a chromatin remodeling complex that mobilizes nucleosomes and reconfigures irregular chromatin to a regular nucleosomal array structure. The WICH complex regulates the transcription of various genes, has a role in RNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase III transcription, mediates the histone H2AX phosphorylation at 'Tyr-142', and is involved in the maintenance of chromatin structures during DNA replication processes. In the complex, it mediates the recruitment of the WICH complex to replication foci during DNA replication. Also involved in vitamin D-coupled transcription regulation via its association with the WINAC complex, a chromatin-remodeling complex recruited by vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is required for the ligand-bound VDR-mediated transrepression of the CYP27B1 gene. In the WINAC complex, plays an essential role by targeting the complex to acetylated histones, an essential step for VDR-promoter association.^{[2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

References

1. ↑ Lu X, Meng X, Morris CA, Keating MT. A novel human gene, WSTF, is deleted in Williams syndrome. Genomics. 1998 Dec 1;54(2):241-9. PMID:9828126 doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5578
2. ↑ Bozhenok L, Wade PA, Varga-Weisz P. WSTF-ISWI chromatin remodeling complex targets heterochromatic replication foci. EMBO J. 2002 May 1;21(9):2231-41. PMID:11980720 doi:10.1093/emboj/21.9.2231
3. ↑ Kitagawa H, Fujiki R, Yoshimura K, Mezaki Y, Uematsu Y, Matsui D, Ogawa S, Unno K, Okubo M, Tokita A, Nakagawa T, Ito T, Ishimi Y, Nagasawa H, Matsumoto T, Yanagisawa J, Kato S. The chromatin-remodeling complex WINAC targets a nuclear receptor to promoters and is impaired in Williams syndrome. Cell. 2003 Jun 27;113(7):905-17. PMID:12837248
4. ↑ Poot RA, Bozhenok L, van den Berg DL, Steffensen S, Ferreira F, Grimaldi M, Gilbert N, Ferreira J, Varga-Weisz PD. The Williams syndrome transcription factor interacts with PCNA to target chromatin remodelling by ISWI to replication foci. Nat Cell Biol. 2004 Dec;6(12):1236-44. Epub 2004 Nov 14. PMID:15543136 doi:10.1038/ncb1196
5. ↑ Cavellan E, Asp P, Percipalle P, Farrants AK. The WSTF-SNF2h chromatin remodeling complex interacts with several nuclear proteins in transcription. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jun 16;281(24):16264-71. Epub 2006 Apr 9. PMID:16603771 doi:10.1074/jbc.M600233200
6. ↑ Xiao A, Li H, Shechter D, Ahn SH, Fabrizio LA, Erdjument-Bromage H, Ishibe-Murakami S, Wang B, Tempst P, Hofmann K, Patel DJ, Elledge SJ, Allis CD. WSTF regulates the H2A.X DNA damage response via a novel tyrosine kinase activity. Nature. 2009 Jan 1;457(7225):57-62. doi: 10.1038/nature07668. Epub 2008 Dec 17. PMID:19092802 doi:10.1038/nature07668
7. ↑ Cook PJ, Ju BG, Telese F, Wang X, Glass CK, Rosenfeld MG. Tyrosine dephosphorylation of H2AX modulates apoptosis and survival decisions. Nature. 2009 Apr 2;458(7238):591-6. doi: 10.1038/nature07849. Epub 2009 Feb 22. PMID:19234442 doi:10.1038/nature07849