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| | <StructureSection load='7d0i' size='340' side='right'caption='[[7d0i]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.00Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='7d0i' size='340' side='right'caption='[[7d0i]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.00Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7d0i]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fission_yeast Fission yeast]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7D0I OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7D0I FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7d0i]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizosaccharomyces_pombe_972h- Schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7D0I OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7D0I FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=LMN:LAURYL+MALTOSE+NEOPENTYL+GLYCOL'>LMN</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">atg9, apg9, SPBC15D4.07c ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=284812 Fission yeast])</td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=LMN:LAURYL+MALTOSE+NEOPENTYL+GLYCOL'>LMN</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7d0i FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7d0i OCA], [http://pdbe.org/7d0i PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7d0i RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7d0i PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7d0i ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7d0i FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7d0i OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7d0i PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7d0i RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7d0i PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7d0i ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ATG9_SCHPO ATG9_SCHPO]] Involved in autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation. Plays a key role in the organization of the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS), the nucleating site for formation of the sequestering vesicle. Required for mitophagy. Cycles between the PAS and the cytoplasmic vesicle pool and may participate in supplying membrane for the growing autophagosome. Also involved in endoplasmic reticulum-specific autophagic process and is essential for the survival of cells subjected to severe ER stress. Different machineries are required for anterograde trafficking to the PAS during either the Cvt pathway or bulk autophagy and for retrograde trafficking (By similarity). Has a role in meiosis and sporulation.[UniProtKB:Q12142]<ref>PMID:19778961</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ATG9_SCHPO ATG9_SCHPO] Involved in autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation. Plays a key role in the organization of the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS), the nucleating site for formation of the sequestering vesicle. Required for mitophagy. Cycles between the PAS and the cytoplasmic vesicle pool and may participate in supplying membrane for the growing autophagosome. Also involved in endoplasmic reticulum-specific autophagic process and is essential for the survival of cells subjected to severe ER stress. Different machineries are required for anterograde trafficking to the PAS during either the Cvt pathway or bulk autophagy and for retrograde trafficking (By similarity). Has a role in meiosis and sporulation.[UniProtKB:Q12142]<ref>PMID:19778961</ref> |
| - | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
| + | |
| - | == Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
| + | |
| - | The molecular function of Atg9, the sole transmembrane protein in the autophagosome-forming machinery, remains unknown. Atg9 colocalizes with Atg2 at the expanding edge of the isolation membrane (IM), where Atg2 receives phospholipids from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here we report that yeast and human Atg9 are lipid scramblases that translocate phospholipids between outer and inner leaflets of liposomes in vitro. Cryo-EM of fission yeast Atg9 reveals a homotrimer, with two connected pores forming a path between the two membrane leaflets: one pore, located at a protomer, opens laterally to the cytoplasmic leaflet; the other, at the trimer center, traverses the membrane vertically. Mutation of residues lining the pores impaired IM expansion and autophagy activity in yeast and abolished Atg9's ability to transport phospholipids between liposome leaflets. These results suggest that phospholipids delivered by Atg2 are translocated from the cytoplasmic to the luminal leaflet by Atg9, thereby driving autophagosomal membrane expansion.
| + | |
| | | | |
| - | Atg9 is a lipid scramblase that mediates autophagosomal membrane expansion.,Matoba K, Kotani T, Tsutsumi A, Tsuji T, Mori T, Noshiro D, Sugita Y, Nomura N, Iwata S, Ohsumi Y, Fujimoto T, Nakatogawa H, Kikkawa M, Noda NN Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2020 Oct 26. pii: 10.1038/s41594-020-00518-w. doi:, 10.1038/s41594-020-00518-w. PMID:33106658<ref>PMID:33106658</ref>
| + | ==See Also== |
| - | | + | *[[Autophagy-related protein 3D structures|Autophagy-related protein 3D structures]] |
| - | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
| + | |
| - | </div>
| + | |
| - | <div class="pdbe-citations 7d0i" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
| + | |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Fission yeast]] | |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Kikkawa, M]] | + | [[Category: Schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-]] |
| - | [[Category: Matoba, K]] | + | [[Category: Kikkawa M]] |
| - | [[Category: Noda, N N]] | + | [[Category: Matoba K]] |
| - | [[Category: Tsutsumi, A]] | + | [[Category: Noda NN]] |
| - | [[Category: Autophagy]]
| + | [[Category: Tsutsumi A]] |
| - | [[Category: Membrane protein]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Unknown function]]
| + | |
