1kgy

<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1kgy]] is a 8 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lk3_transgenic_mice Lk3 transgenic mice]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1KGY OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1KGY FirstGlance]. <br>

</td></tr><tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transferase Transferase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.10.1 and 2.7.10.2 2.7.10.1 and 2.7.10.2] </span></td></tr>

<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1kgy FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1kgy OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1kgy PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1kgy RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1kgy PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1kgy ProSAT]</span></td></tr>

[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/EPHB2_MOUSE EPHB2_MOUSE]] Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously transmembrane ephrin-B family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Functions in axon guidance during development. Involved in the guidance of commissural axons, that form a major interhemispheric connection between the 2 temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex. Also involved in guidance of contralateral inner ear efferent growth cones at the midline and of retinal ganglion cell axons to the optic disk. Beside axon guidance, also regulates dendritic spines development and maturation and stimulates the formation of excitatory synapses. Upon activation by EFNB1, abolishes the ARHGEF15-mediated negative regulation on excitatory synapse formation. Controls other aspects of development including angiogenesis, palate development and in inner ear development through regulation of endolymph production. Forward and reverse signaling through the EFNB2/EPHB2 complex regulate movement and adhesion of cells that tubularize the urethra and septate the cloaca. May function as a tumor suppressor.<ref>PMID:8689685</ref> <ref>PMID:8947026</ref> <ref>PMID:9990854</ref> <ref>PMID:10839360</ref> <ref>PMID:14691139</ref> <ref>PMID:15223334</ref> <ref>PMID:21029865</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/EFNB2_MOUSE EFNB2_MOUSE]] Cell surface transmembrane ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Binds to receptor tyrosine kinase including EPHA4, EPHA3 and EPHB4. Together with EPHB4 plays a central role in heart morphogenesis and angiogenesis through regulation of cell adhesion and cell migration. EPHB4-mediated forward signaling controls cellular repulsion and segregation from EFNB2-expressing cells. May play a role in constraining the orientation of longitudinally projecting axons.

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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==

The Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases and their membrane-anchored ephrin ligands are important in regulating cell-cell interactions as they initiate a unique bidirectional signal transduction cascade whereby information is communicated into both the Eph-expressing and the ephrin-expressing cells. Initially identified as regulators of axon pathfinding and neuronal cell migration, Ephs and ephrins are now known to have roles in many other cell-cell interactions, including those of vascular endothelial cells and specialized epithelia. Here we report the crystal structure of the complex formed between EphB2 and ephrin-B2, determined at 2.7 A resolution. Each Eph receptor binds an ephrin ligand through an expansive dimerization interface dominated by the insertion of an extended ephrin loop into a channel at the surface of the receptor. Two Eph-Ephrin dimers then join to form a tetramer, in which each ligand interacts with two receptors and each receptor interacts with two ligands. The Eph and ephrin molecules are precisely positioned and orientated in these complexes, promoting higher-order clustering and the initiation of bidirectional signalling.

Crystal structure of an Eph receptor-ephrin complex.,Himanen JP, Rajashankar KR, Lackmann M, Cowan CA, Henkemeyer M, Nikolov DB Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):933-8. PMID:11780069<ref>PMID:11780069</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>

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<div class="pdbe-citations 1kgy" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

== References ==

<references/>

[[Category: Lk3 transgenic mice]]

[[Category: Transferase]]

[[Category: Cowan, C A]]

[[Category: Henkemeyer, M]]

[[Category: Himanen, J P]]

[[Category: Lackmann, M]]

[[Category: Nikolov, D B]]

[[Category: Rajashankar, K R]]

[[Category: Transferase-transferase receptor complex]]