Sandbox Ben Whiteside

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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
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When consuming food, the human body is tasked with secreting hormones and chemical messengers that will help regulate homeostasis. After a meal, our body has to maintain homeostasis by reducing our blood glucose and signaling that we have consumed enough nutrients. During feeding, cells in the body will secrete the ligand, amylin. Amylin is a 37 amino acid glucoregulatory hormone that is produced within beta cells of the pancreas. When there is an influx of nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract, the ligand will bind to the heterodimeric receptor, activating the receptor and triggering the corresponding signaling cascade. The overall effect of this cascade is increased satiety, delayed gastric emptying, and inhibition of glucagon secretion. The amylin receptors are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system. The <scene name='10/1038828/Entire_protein_scene/4'>amylin g-protein coupled receptor</scene> is a heterodimeric protein containing a calcitonin receptor domain, as well as one of three receptor activity modifying proteins(RAMP 1,2, or 3).
[[Image:Amylin Receptor Structure.png|400 px|right|thumb|Figure 1: AMYR]]
[[Image:Amylin Receptor Structure.png|400 px|right|thumb|Figure 1: AMYR]]
<ref name=”Ransey”>PMID:28504306</ref>
<ref name=”Ransey”>PMID:28504306</ref>
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylin Amylin Peptide]
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylin Amylin Peptide]
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== Structure ==
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The <scene name='10/1038828/Entire_protein_scene/4'>amylin g-protein coupled receptor</scene> is a heterodimeric protein containing a calcitonin receptor domain, as well as one of three receptor activity modifying proteins(RAMP 1,2, or 3). During feeding, cells in the body will secrete the ligand, amylin. Amylin is a 37 amino acid glucoregulatory hormone that is produced within beta cells of the pancreas. When there is an influx of nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract, the ligand will bind to the heterodimeric receptor, activating the receptor and triggering the corresponding signaling cascade. The overall effect of this cascade is increased satiety, delayed gastric emptying, and inhibition of glucagon secretion. The amylin receptors are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system.
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=== Transmembrane Domain ===
=== Transmembrane Domain ===

Revision as of 17:24, 23 April 2024

AMYR

AMYR Bound to Amylin

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

References

  1. Hanson, R. M., Prilusky, J., Renjian, Z., Nakane, T. and Sussman, J. L. (2013), JSmol and the Next-Generation Web-Based Representation of 3D Molecular Structure as Applied to Proteopedia. Isr. J. Chem., 53:207-216. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijch.201300024
  2. Herraez A. Biomolecules in the computer: Jmol to the rescue. Biochem Mol Biol Educ. 2006 Jul;34(4):255-61. doi: 10.1002/bmb.2006.494034042644. PMID:21638687 doi:10.1002/bmb.2006.494034042644
  3. Ransey E, Paredes E, Dey SK, Das SR, Heroux A, Macbeth MR. Crystal structure of the Entamoeba histolytica RNA lariat debranching enzyme EhDbr1 reveals a catalytic Zn(2+) /Mn(2+) heterobinucleation. FEBS Lett. 2017 Jul;591(13):2003-2010. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.12677. Epub 2017, Jun 14. PMID:28504306 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.12677
  4. Cao J, Belousoff MJ, Liang YL, Johnson RM, Josephs TM, Fletcher MM, Christopoulos A, Hay DL, Danev R, Wootten D, Sexton PM. A structural basis for amylin receptor phenotype. Science. 2022 Mar 25;375(6587):eabm9609. PMID:35324283 doi:10.1126/science.abm9609


Student Contributors

Ben Whiteside, Mathias Vander Eide, Andrew Helmerich,

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