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Publication Abstract from PubMed

Glyoxylate accumulation within cells is highly toxic. In humans, it is associated with hyperoxaluria type 2 (PH2) leading to renal failure. The glyoxylate content within cells is regulated by the NADPH/NADH dependent glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductases (GRHPR). These are highly conserved enzymes with a dual activity as they are able to reduce glyoxylate to glycolate and to convert hydroxypyruvate into D-glycerate. Despite the determination of high-resolution X-ray structures, the substrate recognition mode of this class of enzymes remains unclear. We determined the structure at 2.0 A resolution of a thermostable GRHPR from Archaea as a ternary complex in the presence of D-glycerate and NADPH. This shows a binding mode conserved between human and archeal enzymes. We also determined the first structure of GRHPR in presence of glyoxylate at 1.40 A resolution. This revealed the pivotal role of Leu53 and Trp138 in substrate trafficking. These residues act as gatekeepers at the entrance of a tunnel connecting the active site to protein surface. Taken together, these results allowed us to propose a general model for GRHPR mode of action.

New insights into the mechanism of substrates trafficking in Glyoxylate/Hydroxypyruvate reductases.,Lassalle L, Engilberge S, Madern D, Vauclare P, Franzetti B, Girard E Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 11;6:20629. doi: 10.1038/srep20629. PMID:26865263^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.