8p94

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== Function ==
== Function ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ARPC3_HUMAN ARPC3_HUMAN] Component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) (PubMed:9230079). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility (PubMed:9230079). In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA (PubMed:29925947). The Arp2/3 complex promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair in response to DNA damage by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to drive motility of double-strand breaks (DSBs) (PubMed:29925947).<ref>PMID:29925947</ref> <ref>PMID:9230079</ref>
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ARP5L_HUMAN ARP5L_HUMAN] May function as component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks.
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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Regulation of the assembly and turnover of branched actin filament networks nucleated by the Arp2/3 complex is essential during many cellular processes, including cell migration and membrane trafficking. Cortactin is important for actin branch stabilization, but the mechanism by which this occurs is unclear. Given this, we determined the structure of vertebrate cortactin-stabilized Arp2/3 actin branches using cryogenic electron microscopy. We find that cortactin interacts with the new daughter filament nucleated by the Arp2/3 complex at the branch site, rather than the initial mother actin filament. Cortactin preferentially binds activated Arp3. It also stabilizes the F-actin-like interface of activated Arp3 with the first actin subunit of the new filament, and its central repeats extend along successive daughter-filament subunits. The preference of cortactin for activated Arp3 explains its retention at the actin branch and accounts for its synergy with other nucleation-promoting factors in regulating branched actin network dynamics.
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Cortactin stabilizes actin branches by bridging activated Arp2/3 to its nucleated actin filament.,Liu T, Cao L, Mladenov M, Jegou A, Way M, Moores CA Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2024 May;31(5):801-809. doi: 10.1038/s41594-023-01205-2. , Epub 2024 Jan 24. PMID:38267598<ref>PMID:38267598</ref>
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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== References ==
== References ==
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Current revision

Cryo-EM structure of cortactin stabilized Arp2/3-complex nucleated actin branches

PDB ID 8p94

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