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Function
Ras-related protein Rab belongs to the Rab family of the small GTPase superfamily. It is associated with both constitutive and regulated secretory pathways and with pathways regulating protein traffic. Rab cycles between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion.
- Rab-1A is required in stress-induced autophagy[1].
- Rab-1B is required for secretion.
- Rab-2B regulates Golgi morphology[2].
- Rab-3A is abundant in the brain and plays a role in recruitment of synaptic vesicles for exocytosis[3].
- Rab-3B is essential for the transportation and secretion within cells and its expression is linked to progression of various malignancies[4].
- Rab-3C promotes vesicle formation and packaging[5].
- Rab-3D regulates intracellular vesicle transport during exocytosis[6].
- Rab-4 regulates recycling vesicle formation[7].
- Rab-5A regulates early endoscope fusion[8].
- Rab-6A regulates vesicular trafficking within the Golgi and non-Golgi compartments[9].
- Rab-7A organises the endosomal-lysosomal system[10].
- Rab-8A is the mitochondrial receptor for lipid droplets in muscle[11].
- Rab-9A regulates cargo delivery to maturing melanosomes[12].
- Rab-10 involved in multiple cellular pathways[13].
Disease
Rab-11A, Rab-11B and Rab-25 are associated with Alzheimer disease, Huntington disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer[14].
Structural highlights
Rab-11A undergoes a conformation change of between its inactive GDP-bound structure and its active GTP-bound structure. located at the surface of the protein[15]. Water molecules are shown as red spheres.
3D structures of Rat-related protein Rab
Ras-related protein Rab 3D structures
References
- ↑ Gyurkovska V, Murtazina R, Zhao SF, Shikano S, Okamoto Y, Segev N. Dual function of Rab1A in secretion and autophagy: hypervariable domain dependence. Life Sci Alliance. 2023 Feb 13;6(5):e202201810. PMID:36781179 doi:10.26508/lsa.202201810
- ↑ Aizawa M, Fukuda M. Small GTPase Rab2B and Its Specific Binding Protein Golgi-associated Rab2B Interactor-like 4 (GARI-L4) Regulate Golgi Morphology. J Biol Chem. 2015 Sep 4;290(36):22250-61. PMID:26209634 doi:10.1074/jbc.M115.669242
- ↑ Geppert M, Bolshakov VY, Siegelbaum SA, Takei K, De Camilli P, Hammer RE, Südhof TC. The role of Rab3A in neurotransmitter release. Nature. 1994 Jun 9;369(6480):493-7. PMID:7911226 doi:10.1038/369493a0
- ↑ Liu XS, Chen YL, Chen YX, Wu RM, Tan F, Wang YL, Liu ZY, Gao Y, Pei ZJ. Pan-cancer analysis reveals correlation between RAB3B expression and tumor heterogeneity, immune microenvironment, and prognosis in multiple cancers. Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 30;14(1):9881. PMID:38688977 doi:10.1038/s41598-024-60581-x
- ↑ Chang YC, Li CH, Chan MH, Fang CY, Zhang ZX, Chen CL, Hsiao M. Overexpression of synaptic vesicle protein Rab GTPase 3C promotes vesicular exocytosis and drug resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Mol Oncol. 2023 Mar;17(3):422-444. PMID:36652260 doi:10.1002/1878-0261.13378
- ↑ Millar AL, Pavios NJ, Xu J, Zheng MH. Rab3D: a regulator of exocytosis in non-neuronal cells. Histol Histopathol. 2002;17(3):929-36. PMID:12168804 doi:10.14670/HH-17.929
- ↑ Mohrmann K, Gerez L, Oorschot V, Klumperman J, van der Sluijs P. Rab4 function in membrane recycling from early endosomes depends on a membrane to cytoplasm cycle. J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 30;277(35):32029-35. PMID:12036958 doi:10.1074/jbc.M203064200
- ↑ Khan FI, Aamir M, Wei DQ, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Molecular mechanism of Ras-related protein Rab-5A and effect of mutations in the catalytically active phosphate-binding loop. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2017 Jan;35(1):105-118. PMID:26727234 doi:10.1080/07391102.2015.1134346
- ↑ Del Nery E, Miserey-Lenkei S, Falguières T, Nizak C, Johannes L, Perez F, Goud B. Rab6A and Rab6A' GTPases play non-overlapping roles in membrane trafficking. Traffic. 2006 Apr;7(4):394-407. PMID:16536738 doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2006.00395.x
- ↑ Sun M, Luong G, Plastikwala F, Sun Y. Control of Rab7a activity and localization through endosomal type Igamma PIP 5-kinase is required for endosome maturation and lysosome function. FASEB J. 2020 Feb;34(2):2730-2748. PMID:31908013 doi:10.1096/fj.201901830R
- ↑ Ouyang Q, Chen Q, Ke S, Ding L, Yang X, Rong P, Feng W, Cao Y, Wang Q, Li M, Su S, Wei W, Liu M, Liu J, Zhang X, Li JZ, Wang HY, Chen S. Rab8a as a mitochondrial receptor for lipid droplets in skeletal muscle. Dev Cell. 2023 Feb 27;58(4):289-305.e6. PMID:36800997 doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2023.01.007
- ↑ Mahanty S, Ravichandran K, Chitirala P, Prabha J, Jani RA, Setty SR. Rab9A is required for delivery of cargo from recycling endosomes to melanosomes. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2016 Jan;29(1):43-59. PMID:26527546 doi:10.1111/pcmr.12434
- ↑ Chua CEL, Tang BL. Rab 10-a traffic controller in multiple cellular pathways and locations. J Cell Physiol. 2018 Sep;233(9):6483-6494. PMID:29377137 doi:10.1002/jcp.26503
- ↑ Bhuin T, Roy JK. Rab11 in disease progression. Int J Mol Cell Med. 2015 Winter;4(1):1-8. PMID:25815277
- ↑ Pasqualato S, Senic-Matuglia F, Renault L, Goud B, Salamero J, Cherfils J. The structural GDP/GTP cycle of Rab11 reveals a novel interface involved in the dynamics of recycling endosomes. J Biol Chem. 2004 Mar 19;279(12):11480-8. Epub 2003 Dec 29. PMID:14699104 doi:10.1074/jbc.M310558200
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