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Structural highlights

Disease

S22AC_HUMAN Hereditary renal hypouricemia. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Function

S22AC_HUMAN Electroneutral antiporter that translocates urate across the apical membrane of proximal tubular cells in exchange for monovalent organic or inorganic anions (PubMed:12024214, PubMed:22194875, PubMed:35144162, PubMed:35462902). Involved in renal reabsorption of urate and helps maintaining blood levels of uric acid (PubMed:12024214, PubMed:22194875). Mediates urate uptake by an exchange with organic anions such as (S)-lactate and nicotinate, and inorganic anion Cl(-) (PubMed:12024214). Other inorganic anions such as Br(-), I(-) and NO3(-) may also act as counteranions that exchange for urate (PubMed:12024214). Also mediates orotate tubular uptake coupled with nicotinate efflux and to a lesser extent with lactate efflux, therefore displaying a potential role in orotate renal reabsorption (PubMed:21350910). Orotate transport is Cl(-)-dependent (PubMed:21350910).^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}

References

1. ↑ Enomoto A, Kimura H, Chairoungdua A, Shigeta Y, Jutabha P, Cha SH, Hosoyamada M, Takeda M, Sekine T, Igarashi T, Matsuo H, Kikuchi Y, Oda T, Ichida K, Hosoya T, Shimokata K, Niwa T, Kanai Y, Endou H. Molecular identification of a renal urate anion exchanger that regulates blood urate levels. Nature. 2002 May 23;417(6887):447-52. PMID:12024214 doi:10.1038/nature742
2. ↑ Miura D, Anzai N, Jutabha P, Chanluang S, He X, Fukutomi T, Endou H. Human urate transporter 1 (hURAT1) mediates the transport of orotate. J Physiol Sci. 2011 May;61(3):253-7. PMID:21350910 doi:10.1007/s12576-011-0136-0
3. ↑ Tasic V, Hynes AM, Kitamura K, Cheong HI, Lozanovski VJ, Gucev Z, Jutabha P, Anzai N, Sayer JA. Clinical and functional characterization of URAT1 variants. PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28641. PMID:22194875 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028641
4. ↑ Shinoda Y, Yamashiro T, Hosooka A, Yasujima T, Yuasa H. Functional characterization of human organic anion transporter 10 (OAT10/SLC22A13) as an orotate transporter. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2022 Apr;43:100443. PMID:35144162 doi:10.1016/j.dmpk.2021.100443
5. ↑ Toyoda Y, Kawamura Y, Nakayama A, Morimoto K, Shimizu S, Tanahashi Y, Tamura T, Kondo T, Kato Y, Ichida K, Suzuki H, Shinomiya N, Kobayashi Y, Takada T, Matsuo H. OAT10/SLC22A13 Acts as a Renal Urate Re-Absorber: Clinico-Genetic and Functional Analyses With Pharmacological Impacts. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Apr 6;13:842717. PMID:35462902 doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.842717