7trd

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== Function ==
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TERT_HUMAN TERT_HUMAN] Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. Active in progenitor and cancer cells. Inactive, or very low activity, in normal somatic cells. Catalytic component of the teleromerase holoenzyme complex whose main activity is the elongation of telomeres by acting as a reverse transcriptase that adds simple sequence repeats to chromosome ends by copying a template sequence within the RNA component of the enzyme. Catalyzes the RNA-dependent extension of 3'-chromosomal termini with the 6-nucleotide telomeric repeat unit, 5'-TTAGGG-3'. The catalytic cycle involves primer binding, primer extension and release of product once the template boundary has been reached or nascent product translocation followed by further extension. More active on substrates containing 2 or 3 telomeric repeats. Telomerase activity is regulated by a number of factors including telomerase complex-associated proteins, chaperones and polypeptide modifiers. Modulates Wnt signaling. Plays important roles in aging and antiapoptosis.<ref>PMID:9389643</ref> <ref>PMID:14963003</ref> <ref>PMID:15082768</ref> <ref>PMID:15857955</ref> <ref>PMID:17026956</ref> <ref>PMID:17548608</ref> <ref>PMID:17296728</ref> <ref>PMID:17264120</ref> <ref>PMID:19188162</ref> <ref>PMID:19567472</ref> <ref>PMID:19571879</ref> <ref>PMID:19777057</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TERT_HUMAN TERT_HUMAN] Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. Active in progenitor and cancer cells. Inactive, or very low activity, in normal somatic cells. Catalytic component of the teleromerase holoenzyme complex whose main activity is the elongation of telomeres by acting as a reverse transcriptase that adds simple sequence repeats to chromosome ends by copying a template sequence within the RNA component of the enzyme. Catalyzes the RNA-dependent extension of 3'-chromosomal termini with the 6-nucleotide telomeric repeat unit, 5'-TTAGGG-3'. The catalytic cycle involves primer binding, primer extension and release of product once the template boundary has been reached or nascent product translocation followed by further extension. More active on substrates containing 2 or 3 telomeric repeats. Telomerase activity is regulated by a number of factors including telomerase complex-associated proteins, chaperones and polypeptide modifiers. Modulates Wnt signaling. Plays important roles in aging and antiapoptosis.<ref>PMID:9389643</ref> <ref>PMID:14963003</ref> <ref>PMID:15082768</ref> <ref>PMID:15857955</ref> <ref>PMID:17026956</ref> <ref>PMID:17548608</ref> <ref>PMID:17296728</ref> <ref>PMID:17264120</ref> <ref>PMID:19188162</ref> <ref>PMID:19567472</ref> <ref>PMID:19571879</ref> <ref>PMID:19777057</ref>
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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Human telomerase is a RNA-protein complex that extends the 3' end of linear chromosomes by synthesizing multiple copies of the telomeric repeat TTAGGG(1). Its activity is a determinant of cancer progression, stem cell renewal and cellular aging(2-5). Telomerase is recruited to telomeres and activated for telomere repeat synthesis by the telomere shelterin protein TPP1(6,7). Human telomerase has a bilobal structure with a catalytic core ribonuclear protein and a H and ACA box ribonuclear protein(8,9). Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of human telomerase catalytic core of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and telomerase RNA (TER (also known as hTR)), and of telomerase with the shelterin protein TPP1. TPP1 forms a structured interface with the TERT-unique telomerase essential N-terminal domain (TEN) and the telomerase RAP motif (TRAP) that are unique to TERT, and conformational dynamics of TEN-TRAP are damped upon TPP1 binding, defining the requirements for recruitment and activation. The structures further reveal that the elements of TERT and TER that are involved in template and telomeric DNA handling-including the TEN domain and the TRAP-thumb helix channel-are largely structurally homologous to those in Tetrahymena telomerase(10), and provide unique insights into the mechanism of telomerase activity. The binding site of the telomerase inhibitor BIBR1532(11,12) overlaps a critical interaction between the TER pseudoknot and the TERT thumb domain. Numerous mutations leading to telomeropathies(13,14) are located at the TERT-TER and TEN-TRAP-TPP1 interfaces, highlighting the importance of TER-TERT and TPP1 interactions for telomerase activity, recruitment and as drug targets.
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Structure of active human telomerase with telomere shelterin protein TPP1.,Liu B, He Y, Wang Y, Song H, Zhou ZH, Feigon J Nature. 2022 Apr;604(7906):578-583. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04582-8. Epub 2022 , Apr 13. PMID:35418675<ref>PMID:35418675</ref>
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
==See Also==

Current revision

Human telomerase catalytic core structure at 3.3 Angstrom

PDB ID 7trd

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Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

OCA

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