7xcr

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== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7xcr]] is a 12 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_construct Synthetic construct]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7XCR OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7XCR FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7xcr]] is a 12 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_construct Synthetic construct]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7XCR OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7XCR FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NLE:NORLEUCINE'>NLE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SAM:S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE'>SAM</scene></td></tr>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.57&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NLE:NORLEUCINE'>NLE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SAM:S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE'>SAM</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7xcr FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7xcr OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7xcr PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7xcr RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7xcr PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7xcr ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7xcr FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7xcr OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7xcr PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7xcr RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7xcr PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7xcr ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
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[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/UBB_HUMAN UBB_HUMAN]] Ubiquitin exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-6-linked may be involved in DNA repair; Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation) and in cell-cycle regulation; Lys-29-linked is involved in lysosomal degradation; Lys-33-linked is involved in kinase modification; Lys-48-linked is involved in protein degradation via the proteasome; Lys-63-linked is involved in endocytosis, DNA-damage responses as well as in signaling processes leading to activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B. Linear polymer chains formed via attachment by the initiator Met lead to cell signaling. Ubiquitin is usually conjugated to Lys residues of target proteins, however, in rare cases, conjugation to Cys or Ser residues has been observed. When polyubiquitin is free (unanchored-polyubiquitin), it also has distinct roles, such as in activation of protein kinases, and in signaling.<ref>PMID:16543144</ref> <ref>PMID:19754430</ref>
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H32_HUMAN H32_HUMAN]
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Ubiquitination-dependent histone crosstalk plays critical roles in chromatin-associated processes and is highly associated with human diseases. Mechanism studies of the crosstalk have been of the central focus. Here our study on the crosstalk between H2BK34ub and Dot1L-catalyzed H3K79me suggests a novel mechanism of ubiquitination-induced nucleosome distortion to stimulate the activity of an enzyme. We determined the cryo-electron microscopy structures of Dot1L-H2BK34ub nucleosome complex and the H2BK34ub nucleosome alone. The structures reveal that H2BK34ub induces an almost identical orientation and binding pattern of Dot1L on nucleosome as H2BK120ub, which positions Dot1L for the productive conformation through direct ubiquitin-enzyme contacts. However, H2BK34-anchored ubiquitin does not directly interact with Dot1L as occurs in the case of H2BK120ub, but rather induces DNA and histone distortion around the modified site. Our findings establish the structural framework for understanding the H2BK34ub-H3K79me trans-crosstalk and highlight the diversity of mechanisms for histone ubiquitination to activate chromatin-modifying enzymes.
Ubiquitination-dependent histone crosstalk plays critical roles in chromatin-associated processes and is highly associated with human diseases. Mechanism studies of the crosstalk have been of the central focus. Here our study on the crosstalk between H2BK34ub and Dot1L-catalyzed H3K79me suggests a novel mechanism of ubiquitination-induced nucleosome distortion to stimulate the activity of an enzyme. We determined the cryo-electron microscopy structures of Dot1L-H2BK34ub nucleosome complex and the H2BK34ub nucleosome alone. The structures reveal that H2BK34ub induces an almost identical orientation and binding pattern of Dot1L on nucleosome as H2BK120ub, which positions Dot1L for the productive conformation through direct ubiquitin-enzyme contacts. However, H2BK34-anchored ubiquitin does not directly interact with Dot1L as occurs in the case of H2BK120ub, but rather induces DNA and histone distortion around the modified site. Our findings establish the structural framework for understanding the H2BK34ub-H3K79me trans-crosstalk and highlight the diversity of mechanisms for histone ubiquitination to activate chromatin-modifying enzymes.
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H2B Lys34 Ubiquitination Induces Nucleosome Distortion to Stimulate Dot1L Activity.,Ai H, Sun M, Liu A, Sun Z, Liu T, Cao L, Liang L, Qu Q, Li Z, Deng Z, Tong Z, Chu G, Tian X, Deng H, Zhao S, Li JB, Lou Z, Liu L Nat Chem Biol. 2022 Sep;18(9):972-980. doi: 10.1038/s41589-022-01067-7. Epub 2022, Jun 23. PMID:35739357<ref>PMID:35739357</ref>
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H2B Lys34 Ubiquitination Induces Nucleosome Distortion to Stimulate Dot1L Activity.,Ai H, Sun M, Liu A, Sun Z, Liu T, Cao L, Liang L, Qu Q, Li Z, Deng Z, Tong Z, Chu G, Tian X, Deng H, Zhao S, Li JB, Lou Z, Liu L Nat Chem Biol. 2022 Sep;18(9):972-980. doi: 10.1038/s41589-022-01067-7. Epub 2022 , Jun 23. PMID:35739357<ref>PMID:35739357</ref>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 7xcr" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 7xcr" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
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==See Also==
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*[[Histone 3D structures|Histone 3D structures]]
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*[[3D structures of ubiquitin|3D structures of ubiquitin]]
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>

Current revision

Cryo-EM structure of Dot1L and H2BK34ub-H3K79Nle nucleosome 1:1 complex

PDB ID 7xcr

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