1jlb

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[[Image:1jlb.gif|left|200px]]
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[[Image:1jlb.png|left|200px]]
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==Overview==
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{{ABSTRACT_11575933}}
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Mutations at either Tyr181 or Tyr188 within HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) give high level resistance to many first generation non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNRTIs) such as the anti-AIDS drug nevirapine. By comparison second generation inhibitors, for instance the drug efavirenz, show much greater resilience to these mutations. In order to understand the structural basis for these differences we have determined a series of seven crystal structures of mutant RTs in complexes with first and second generation NNRTIs as well as one example of an unliganded mutant RT. These are Tyr181Cys RT (TNK-651) to 2.4 A, Tyr181Cys RT (efavirenz) to 2.6 A, Tyr181Cys RT (nevirapine) to 3.0 A, Tyr181Cys RT (PETT-2) to 3.0 A, Tyr188Cys RT (nevirapine) to 2.6 A, Tyr188Cys RT (UC-781) to 2.6 A and Tyr188Cys RT (unliganded) to 2.8 A resolution. In the two previously published structures of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with mutations at 181 or 188 no side-chain electron density was observed within the p66 subunit (which contains the inhibitor binding pocket) for the mutated residues. In contrast the mutated side-chains can be seen in the NNRTI pocket for all seven structures reported here, eliminating the possibility that disordering contributes to the mechanism of resistance. In the case of the second generation compounds efavirenz with Tyr181Cys RT and UC-781 with Tyr188Cys RT there are only small rearrangements of either inhibitor within the binding site compared to wild-type RT and also for the first generation compounds TNK-651, PETT-2 and nevirapine with Tyr181Cys RT. For nevirapine with the Tyr188Cys RT there is however a more substantial movement of the drug molecule. We conclude that protein conformational changes and rearrangements of drug molecules within the mutated sites are not general features of these particular inhibitor/mutant combinations. The main contribution to drug resistance for Tyr181Cys and Tyr188Cys RT mutations is the loss of aromatic ring stacking interactions for first generation compounds, providing a simple explanation for the resilience of second generation NNRTIs, as such interactions make much less significant contribution to their binding.
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==About this Structure==
==About this Structure==
1JLB is a [[Protein complex]] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_immunodeficiency_virus_type_1_(isolate_hxb2) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (isolate hxb2)]. The following page contains interesting information on the relation of 1JLB with [[http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/pdb33_1.html Reverse Transcriptase]]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1JLB OCA].
1JLB is a [[Protein complex]] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_immunodeficiency_virus_type_1_(isolate_hxb2) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (isolate hxb2)]. The following page contains interesting information on the relation of 1JLB with [[http://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/pdb33_1.html Reverse Transcriptase]]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1JLB OCA].
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==Reference==
 
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Structural mechanisms of drug resistance for mutations at codons 181 and 188 in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and the improved resilience of second generation non-nucleoside inhibitors., Ren J, Nichols C, Bird L, Chamberlain P, Weaver K, Short S, Stuart DI, Stammers DK, J Mol Biol. 2001 Sep 28;312(4):795-805. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11575933 11575933]
 
[[Category: Protein complex]]
[[Category: Protein complex]]
[[Category: RNA-directed DNA polymerase]]
[[Category: RNA-directed DNA polymerase]]
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[[Category: Nevirapine]]
[[Category: Nevirapine]]
[[Category: Non-nucleoside inhibitor]]
[[Category: Non-nucleoside inhibitor]]
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Fri May 2 21:21:45 2008''
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Jun 26 17:36:31 2008''

Revision as of 14:36, 26 June 2008

Image:1jlb.png

Template:STRUCTURE 1jlb

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF Y181C MUTANT HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE IN COMPLEX WITH NEVIRAPINE


Template:ABSTRACT 11575933

About this Structure

1JLB is a Protein complex structure of sequences from Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (isolate hxb2). The following page contains interesting information on the relation of 1JLB with [Reverse Transcriptase]. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.

Page seeded by OCA on Thu Jun 26 17:36:31 2008

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