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1zmm

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[[Image:1zmm.gif|left|200px]]
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{{STRUCTURE_1zmm| PDB=1zmm | SCENE= }}
{{STRUCTURE_1zmm| PDB=1zmm | SCENE= }}
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'''Crystal structure of human alpha-defensin-4'''
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===Crystal structure of human alpha-defensin-4===
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==Overview==
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Six alpha-defensins have been found in humans. These small arginine-rich peptides play important roles in various processes related to host defense, being the effectors and regulators of innate immunity as well as enhancers of adoptive immune responses. Four defensins, called neutrophil peptides 1 through 4, are stored primarily in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Major sites of expression of defensins 5 and 6 are Paneth cells of human small intestine. So far, only one structure of human alpha-defensin (HNP3) has been reported, and the properties of the intestine defensins 5 and 6 are particularly poorly understood. In this report, we present the high-resolution X-ray structures of three human defensins, 4 through 6, supplemented with studies of their antimicrobial and chemotactic properties. Despite only modest amino acid sequence identity, all three defensins share their tertiary structures with other known alpha- and beta-defensins. Like HNP3 but in contrast to murine or rabbit alpha-defensins, human defensins 4-6 form characteristic dimers. Whereas antimicrobial and chemotactic activity of HNP4 is somewhat comparable to that of other human neutrophil defensins, neither of the intestinal defensins appears to be chemotactic, and for HD6 also an antimicrobial activity has yet to be observed. The unusual biological inactivity of HD6 may be associated with its structural properties, somewhat standing out when compared with other human alpha-defensins. The strongest cationic properties and unique distribution of charged residues on the molecular surface of HD5 may be associated with its highest bactericidal activity among human alpha-defensins.
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(as it appears on PubMed at http://www.pubmed.gov), where 17088326 is the PubMed ID number.
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{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_17088326}}
==About this Structure==
==About this Structure==
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[[Category: Antimicrobial peptide]]
[[Category: Antimicrobial peptide]]
[[Category: Human alpha-defensin]]
[[Category: Human alpha-defensin]]
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Sat May 3 17:48:50 2008''
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Sun Jul 27 21:59:16 2008''

Revision as of 18:59, 27 July 2008

Image:1zmm.png

Template:STRUCTURE 1zmm

Crystal structure of human alpha-defensin-4

Template:ABSTRACT PUBMED 17088326

About this Structure

1ZMM is a Single protein structure of sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.

Reference

Crystal structures of human alpha-defensins HNP4, HD5, and HD6., Szyk A, Wu Z, Tucker K, Yang D, Lu W, Lubkowski J, Protein Sci. 2006 Dec;15(12):2749-60. Epub 2006 Nov 6. PMID:17088326

Page seeded by OCA on Sun Jul 27 21:59:16 2008

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