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2fmz

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{{STRUCTURE_2fmz| PDB=2fmz | SCENE= }}
{{STRUCTURE_2fmz| PDB=2fmz | SCENE= }}
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'''Carbonic anhydrase activators. Activation of isoforms I, II, IV, VA, VII and XIV with L- and D- phenylalanine, structure with D-Phenylalanine.'''
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===Carbonic anhydrase activators. Activation of isoforms I, II, IV, VA, VII and XIV with L- and D- phenylalanine, structure with D-Phenylalanine.===
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==Overview==
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Activation of six human brain carbonic anhydrases (hCAs, EC 4.2.1.1), hCA I, II, IV, VA, VII, and XIV, with l-/d-phenylalanine was investigated kinetically and by X-ray crystallography. l-Phe was a potent activator of isozymes I, II, and XIV (K(A)s of 13-240 nM), a weaker activator of hCA VA and VII (K(A)s of 9.8-10.9 microM), and a quite inefficient hCA IV activator (K(A) of 52 microM). d-Phe showed good hCA II activatory properties (K(A) of 35 nM), being a moderate hCA VA, VII, and XIV (K(A)s of 4.6-9.7 microM) and a weak hCA I and IV activator (K(A)s of 63-86 microM). X-ray crystallography of the hCA II-l-Phe/d-Phe adducts showed the activators to be anchored at the entrance of the active site, participating in numerous bonds and hydrophobic interactions with amino acid residues His64, Thr200, Trp5, and Pro201. This is the first study showing different binding modes of stereoisomeric activators within the hCA II active site, with consequences for overall proton transfer processes (rate-determining for the catalytic cycle). It also points out differences of activation efficiency between various isozymes with structurally related activators, exploitable for designing alternative proton transfer pathways. CA activators may lead to the design of pharmacologically useful derivatives for the enhancement of synaptic efficacy, which may represent a conceptually new approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, aging, and other conditions in which spatial learning and memory therapy must be enhanced. As the blood and brain concentrations of l-Phe are quite variable (30-73 microM), activity of some brain CAs may strongly be influenced by the level of activator(s) present in such tissues.
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{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_16686544}}
==About this Structure==
==About this Structure==
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[[Category: Crystal structure]]
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[[Category: Lyase]]
[[Category: Lyase]]
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Apr 24 09:24:44 2008''
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Tue Jul 29 04:32:25 2008''

Revision as of 01:32, 29 July 2008

Image:2fmz.png

Template:STRUCTURE 2fmz

Carbonic anhydrase activators. Activation of isoforms I, II, IV, VA, VII and XIV with L- and D- phenylalanine, structure with D-Phenylalanine.

Template:ABSTRACT PUBMED 16686544

About this Structure

2FMZ is a Single protein structure of sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.

Reference

Carbonic anhydrase activators. Activation of isoforms I, II, IV, VA, VII, and XIV with L- and D-phenylalanine and crystallographic analysis of their adducts with isozyme II: stereospecific recognition within the active site of an enzyme and its consequences for the drug design., Temperini C, Scozzafava A, Vullo D, Supuran CT, J Med Chem. 2006 May 18;49(10):3019-27. PMID:16686544

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