1v48

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spinqualitylabelsall models 1v48, resolution 2.2Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image

Calf spleen purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) binary complex with 9-(5,5-difluoro-5-phosphonopenthyl)guanine

Overview

Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency in humans leads to, inhibition of the T-cell response. Potent membrane-permeable inhibitors of, this enzyme are therefore considered to be potential immunosuppressive, agents. The binary complex of the trimeric calf spleen phosphorylase, which is highly homologous to human PNP, with the potent ground-state, analogue inhibitor 9-(5,5-difluoro-5-phosphonopentyl)guanine (DFPP-G) was, crystallized in the cubic space group P2(1)3, with unit-cell parameter a =, 93.183 A and one monomer per asymmetric unit. High-resolution X-ray, diffraction data were collected using synchrotron radiation (EMBL, Outstation, DESY, Hamburg, station X13). The crystal structure was refined, to a resolution of 2.2 A and R and Rfree values of 19.1 and 24.2%, respectively. The crystal structure confirms that DFPP-G acts as a, multisubstrate analogue inhibitor as it binds to both nucleoside- and, phosphate-binding sites. The structure also provides the answers to some, questions regarding the substrate specificity and molecular mechanism of, trimeric PNPs. The wide access to the active-site pocket that was observed, in the reported structure as a result of the flexibility or disorder of, two loops (residues 60-65 and 251-266) strongly supports the random, binding of substrates. The putative hydrogen bonds identified in the, base-binding site indicate that N1-H and not O6 of the purine base defines, the specificity of trimeric PNPs. This is confirmed by the fact that the, contact of guanine O6 with Asn243 Odelta1 is not a direct contact but is, mediated by a water molecule. Participation of Arg84 in the binding of the, phosphonate group experimentally verifies the previous suggestion, [Blackburn & Kent (1986), J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. I, pp. 913-917;, Halazy et al. (1991), J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 315-317] that fluorination of, alkylphosphonates yields compounds with properties that suitably resemble, those of phosphate esters and in turn leads to optimized interactions of, such analogues with the phosphate-binding site residues. DFPP-G shows a, Ki(app) in the nanomolar range towards calf and human PNPs. To date, no, high-resolution X-ray structures of these enzymes with such potent, ground-state analogue inhibitors have been available in the Protein Data, Bank. The present structure may thus be used in the rational, structure-based design of new PNP inhibitors with potential medical, applications.

About this Structure

1V48 is a Single protein structure of sequence from Bos taurus with ZN, MG and HA1 as ligands. Active as Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase, with EC number 2.4.2.1 Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.

Reference

Calf spleen purine-nucleoside phosphorylase: crystal structure of the binary complex with a potent multisubstrate analogue inhibitor., Luic M, Koellner G, Yokomatsu T, Shibuya S, Bzowska A, Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2004 Aug;60(Pt 8):1417-24. Epub 2004, Jul 21. PMID:15272165

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