1d5i
From Proteopedia
UNLIGANDED GERMLINE PRECURSOR OF AN OXY-COPE CATALYTIC ANTIBODY
Structural highlights
Disease[IGKC_HUMAN] Defects in IGKC are the cause of immunoglobulin kappa light chain deficiency (IGKCD) [MIM:614102]. IGKCD is a disease characterized by the complete absence of immunoglobulin kappa chains.[1] [IGHG1_HUMAN] Defects in IGHG1 are a cause of multiple myeloma (MM) [MIM:254500]. MM is a malignant tumor of plasma cells usually arising in the bone marrow and characterized by diffuse involvement of the skeletal system, hyperglobulinemia, Bence-Jones proteinuria and anemia. Complications of multiple myeloma are bone pain, hypercalcemia, renal failure and spinal cord compression. The aberrant antibodies that are produced lead to impaired humoral immunity and patients have a high prevalence of infection. Amyloidosis may develop in some patients. Multiple myeloma is part of a spectrum of diseases ranging from monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) to plasma cell leukemia. Note=A chromosomal aberration involving IGHG1 is found in multiple myeloma. Translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) with the IgH locus. Translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) with CCND1; translocation t(4;14)(p16.3;q32.3) with FGFR3; translocation t(6;14)(p25;q32) with IRF4. FunctionEvolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedAntibody AZ-28 was generated against the chairlike transition-state analogue (TSA) 1 and catalyzes the oxy-Cope rearrangement of substrate 2 to product 3. The germline precursor to AZ-28 catalyzes the reaction with a 35-fold higher rate (k(cat)/k(uncat) = 163 000), despite a 40-fold lower binding affinity for TSA.1 (K(D) = 670 nM). To determine the structural basis for the differences in the binding and catalytic properties of the germline and affinity-matured antibodies, the X-ray crystal structures of the unliganded and TSA.1 complex of antibody AZ-28 have been determined at 2.8 and 2.6 A resolution, respectively; the structures of the unliganded and TSA.1 complex of the germline precursor to AZ-28 were both determined at 2. 0 A resolution. In the affinity-matured antibody.hapten complex the TSA is fixed in a catalytically unfavorable conformation by a combination of van der Waals and hydrogen-bonding interactions. The 2- and 5-phenyl substituents of TSA.1 are almost perpendicular to the cyclohexyl ring, leading to decreased orbital overlap and decreased stabilization of the putative transition state. The active site of the germline antibody appears to have an increased degree of flexibility-CDRH3 moves 4.9 A outward from the active site upon binding of TSA.1. We suggest that this conformational flexibility in the germline antibody, which results in a lower binding affinity for TSA.1, allows dynamic changes in the dihedral angle of the 2-phenyl substituent along the reaction coordinate. These conformational changes in turn lead to enhanced orbital overlap and increased catalytic rate. These studies suggest that protein and substrate dynamics play a key role in this antibody-catalyzed reaction. Conformational effects in biological catalysis: an antibody-catalyzed oxy-cope rearrangement.,Mundorff EC, Hanson MA, Varvak A, Ulrich H, Schultz PG, Stevens RC Biochemistry. 2000 Feb 1;39(4):627-32. PMID:10651626[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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