| Structural highlights
Function
[GET3_YEAST] ATPase required for the post-translational delivery of tail-anchored (TA) proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. Recognizes and selectively binds the transmembrane domain of TA proteins in the cytosol. This complex then targets to the endoplasmic reticulum by membrane-bound receptors GET1 and GET2, where the tail-anchored protein is released for insertion. This process is regulated by ATP binding and hydrolysis. ATP binding drives the homodimer towards the closed dimer state, facilitating recognition of newly synthesized TA membrane proteins. ATP hydrolysis is required for insertion. Subsequently, the homodimer reverts towards the open dimer state, lowering its affinity for the GET1-GET2 receptor, and returning it to the cytosol to initiate a new round of targeting. Cooperates with the HDEL receptor ERD2 to mediate the ATP-dependent retrieval of resident ER proteins that contain a C-terminal H-D-E-L retention signal from the Golgi to the ER. Involved in low-level resistance to the oxyanions arsenite and arsenate, and in heat tolerance.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Evolutionary Conservation
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Publication Abstract from PubMed
Tail-anchored (TA) proteins represent a unique class of membrane proteins that contain a single C-terminal transmembrane helix. The post-translational insertion of the yeast TA proteins into the ER membrane requires the Golgi ER trafficking (GET) complex which contains Get1, Get2 and Get3. Get3 is an ATPase that recognizes and binds the C-terminal transmembrane domain (TMD) of the TA proteins. We have determined the crystal structures of Get3 from two yeast species, S. cerevisiae and D. hansenii, respectively. These high resolution crystal structures show that Get3 contains a nucleotide-binding domain and a "finger" domain for binding the TA protein TMD. A large hydrophobic groove on the finger domain of S. cerevisiae Get3 structure might represent the binding site for TMD of TA proteins. A hydrophobic helix from a symmetry-related Get3 molecule sits in the TMD-binding groove and mimics the TA binding scenario. Interestingly, the crystal structures of the Get3 dimers from S. cerevisiae and D. hansenii exhibit distinct conformations. The S. cerevisiae Get3 dimer structure does not contain nucleotides and maintains an "open" conformation, while the D. hansenii Get3 dimer structure binds ADP and stays in a "closed" conformation. We propose that the conformational changes to switch the Get3 between the open and closed conformations may facilitate the membrane insertions for TA proteins.
The crystal structures of yeast Get3 suggest a mechanism for tail-anchored protein membrane insertion.,Hu J, Li J, Qian X, Denic V, Sha B PLoS One. 2009 Nov 30;4(11):e8061. PMID:19956640[6]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Shen J, Hsu CM, Kang BK, Rosen BP, Bhattacharjee H. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Arr4p is involved in metal and heat tolerance. Biometals. 2003 Sep;16(3):369-78. PMID:12680698
- ↑ Schuldiner M, Collins SR, Thompson NJ, Denic V, Bhamidipati A, Punna T, Ihmels J, Andrews B, Boone C, Greenblatt JF, Weissman JS, Krogan NJ. Exploration of the function and organization of the yeast early secretory pathway through an epistatic miniarray profile. Cell. 2005 Nov 4;123(3):507-19. PMID:16269340 doi:S0092-8674(05)00868-8
- ↑ Schuldiner M, Metz J, Schmid V, Denic V, Rakwalska M, Schmitt HD, Schwappach B, Weissman JS. The GET complex mediates insertion of tail-anchored proteins into the ER membrane. Cell. 2008 Aug 22;134(4):634-45. PMID:18724936 doi:S0092-8674(08)00777-0
- ↑ Mariappan M, Mateja A, Dobosz M, Bove E, Hegde RS, Keenan RJ. The mechanism of membrane-associated steps in tail-anchored protein insertion. Nature. 2011 Aug 24;477(7362):61-6. doi: 10.1038/nature10362. PMID:21866104 doi:10.1038/nature10362
- ↑ Stefer S, Reitz S, Wang F, Wild K, Pang YY, Schwarz D, Bomke J, Hein C, Lohr F, Bernhard F, Denic V, Dotsch V, Sinning I. Structural Basis for Tail-Anchored Membrane Protein Biogenesis by the Get3-Receptor Complex. Science. 2011 Jun 30. PMID:21719644 doi:10.1126/science.1207125
- ↑ Hu J, Li J, Qian X, Denic V, Sha B. The crystal structures of yeast Get3 suggest a mechanism for tail-anchored protein membrane insertion. PLoS One. 2009 Nov 30;4(11):e8061. PMID:19956640 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008061
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