5i2j
From Proteopedia
Structure of the human GluN1/GluN2A LBD in complex with GNE0723
Structural highlights
Disease[NMDE1_HUMAN] Landau-Kleffner syndrome;Early-onset epileptic encephalopathy and intellectual disability due to GRIN2A mutation;Continuous spikes and waves during sleep;Rolandic epilepsy;Rolandic epilepsy - speech dyspraxia. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. A chromosomal aberration involving GRIN2A has been found in a family with epilepsy and neurodevelopmental defects. Translocation t(16;17)(p13.2;q11.2). GRIN2A somatic mutations have been frequently found in cutaneous malignant melanoma, suggesting that the glutamate signaling pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of melanoma.[1] [2] [NMDZ1_HUMAN] Defects in GRIN1 are the cause of mental retardation autosomal dominant type 8 (MRD8) [MIM:614254]. Mental retardation is characterized by significantly below average general intellectual functioning associated with impairments in adaptative behavior and manifested during the developmental period.[3] Function[NMDE1_HUMAN] NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels possesses high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Activation requires binding of agonist to both types of subunits. [NMDZ1_HUMAN] NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Mediated by glycine. This protein plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, synaptogenesis, excitotoxicity, memory acquisition and learning. It mediates neuronal functions in glutamate neurotransmission. Is involved in the cell surface targeting of NMDA receptors (By similarity). Publication Abstract from PubMedThe N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is a Na(+) and Ca(2+) permeable ionotropic glutamate receptor that is activated by the coagonists glycine and glutamate. NMDARs are critical to synaptic signaling and plasticity, and their dysfunction has been implicated in a number of neurological disorders, including schizophrenia, depression, and Alzheimer's disease. Herein we describe the discovery of potent GluN2A-selective NMDAR positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) starting from a high-throughput screening hit. Using structure-based design, we sought to increase potency at the GluN2A subtype, while improving selectivity against related alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs). The structure-activity relationship of channel deactivation kinetics was studied using a combination of electrophysiology and protein crystallography. Effective incorporation of these strategies resulted in the discovery of GNE-0723 (46), a highly potent and brain penetrant GluN2A-selective NMDAR PAM suitable for in vivo characterization. Discovery of GluN2A-Selective NMDA Receptor Positive Allosteric Modulators (PAMs): Tuning Deactivation Kinetics via Structure-Based Design.,Volgraf M, Sellers BD, Jiang Y, Wu G, Ly CQ, Villemure E, Pastor RM, Yuen PW, Lu A, Luo X, Liu M, Zhang S, Sun L, Fu Y, Lupardus PJ, Wallweber HJ, Liederer BM, Deshmukh G, Plise E, Tay S, Reynen P, Herrington J, Gustafson A, Liu Y, Dirksen A, Dietz MG, Liu Y, Wang TM, Hanson JE, Hackos D, Scearce-Levie K, Schwarz JB J Med Chem. 2016 Mar 24;59(6):2760-79. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b02010. Epub, 2016 Mar 8. PMID:26919761[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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