Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

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Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) catalyzes the dehydrogenation of hydroxysteroids. HSD is classified according to the number of the carbon it is acting on.

  • 3-α HSD catalyzes the conversion of androsterone to 5α-androstane-3, 17-dione and 17-α estradiol to estrone. 3-α HSD (also named 17-α HSD) is a bile acid-metabolizing enzyme[1].
  • 7-α HSD is involved in the dehydrogenation of cholanate compounds and is a bile acid-inducible enzyme[2].
  • 20-α HSD is involved in the control of progesterone level in pregnancy of mice[3].
  • 11-β HSD converts 11-keto products like cortisone to cortisol[4].
  • 17-β HSD is involved in the conversion of androstenedione to testosterone[5].
  • 3-β/17-β HSD catalyzes the reversible dehydrogenation of steroid compounds at position 3 and 17[6].

NAD and NADP are cofactors of HSD.

3D structures of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

Updated on 27-March-2016

For 3-α HSD type 2 see Prostaglandin F synthase

For 17-β HSD type 5 see Prostaglandin F synthase

References

  1. ↑ Rizner TL, Lin HK, Peehl DM, Steckelbroeck S, Bauman DR, Penning TM. Human type 3 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (aldo-keto reductase 1C2) and androgen metabolism in prostate cells. Endocrinology. 2003 Jul;144(7):2922-32. PMID:12810547 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2002-0032
  2. ↑ Haslewood ES, Haslewood GA. The specificity of a 7 alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli. Biochem J. 1976 Jul 1;157(1):207-10. PMID:786279
  3. ↑ Hershkovitz L, Beuschlein F, Klammer S, Krup M, Weinstein Y. Adrenal 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the mouse catabolizes progesterone and 11-deoxycorticosterone and is restricted to the X-zone. Endocrinology. 2007 Mar;148(3):976-88. Epub 2006 Nov 22. PMID:17122075 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2006-1100
  4. ↑ Tomlinson JW, Walker EA, Bujalska IJ, Draper N, Lavery GG, Cooper MS, Hewison M, Stewart PM. 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1: a tissue-specific regulator of glucocorticoid response. Endocr Rev. 2004 Oct;25(5):831-66. PMID:15466942 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/er.2003-0031
  5. ↑ Labrie F, Luu-The V, Lin SX, Labrie C, Simard J, Breton R, Belanger A. The key role of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in sex steroid biology. Steroids. 1997 Jan;62(1):148-58. PMID:9029730
  6. ↑ de Launoit Y, Simard J, Durocher F, Labrie F. Androgenic 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity of expressed rat type I 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-delta 4 isomerase. Endocrinology. 1992 Jan;130(1):553-5. PMID:1309351 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.130.1.1309351

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