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Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone

Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone, modelled using Phyre modelling engine[1]

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Introduction

Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) is a secretory neurohormone that causes growth hormone to be released from the pituitary gland. It is naturally produced in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. The hormone is produced as a 44 amino acid peptide hormone, and first appears in the hypothalamus between 18 and 29 weeks of gestation, corresponding to the initial production of growth hormone by the fetus [1]. Growth hormone is required for normal fetal and post fetal development, including bone growth and the regulation of protein production and the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates [2].

Structural Features

The GHRH receptor gene is expressed in the pituitary as a G-coupled receptor that binds GHRH, resulting in the release of growth hormone [3]. The figure below and to the left is the extracellular domain of the GHRH receptor.

GHRH Receptor

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Function and Pathway

Image:GHRH Signaling.jpg

This image shows the signalling pathway of GHRH causing the release of growth hormone [4]



Medical Implications

References

  1. ↑ Chawla RK, Parks JS, Rudman D. Structural variants of human growth hormone: biochemical, genetic, and clinical aspects. Annu Rev Med. 1983;34:519-47. PMID:6344776 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.me.34.020183.002511
  2. ↑ Tang SS, Zhang JH, Du MH, Wu J, Liu JJ. Construction and activity of a novel GHRH analog, Pro-Pro-hGHRH(1-44)-Gly-Gly-Cys. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2004 Nov;25(11):1464-70. PMID:15525469
  3. ↑ Gaylinn BD. Molecular and cell biology of the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor. Growth Horm IGF Res. 1999 Apr;9 Suppl A:37-44. PMID:10429879
  4. ↑ https://www.qiagen.com/us/shop/genes-and-pathways/pathway-details?pwid=199
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