Structural highlights
Disease
[PRIO_MOUSE] Note=Found in high quantity in the brain of humans and animals infected with degenerative neurological diseases such as kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Straussler syndrome (GSS), scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME), etc.
Function
[PRIO_MOUSE] May play a role in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. May be required for neuronal myelin sheath maintenance. May play a role in iron uptake and iron homeostasis. Soluble oligomers are toxic to cultured neuroblastoma cells and induce apoptosis (in vitro) (By similarity). Association with GPC1 (via its heparan sulfate chains) targets PRNP to lipid rafts. Also provides Cu(2+) or ZN(2+) for the ascorbate-mediated GPC1 deaminase degradation of its heparan sulfate side chains.[1] [2] [3] [4]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Conversion of the cellular prion protein PrP(C) into its pathogenic isoform PrP(S)(c) is the hallmark of prion diseases, fatal neurodegenerative diseases affecting many mammalian species including humans. Anti-prion monoclonal antibodies can arrest the progression of prion diseases by stabilizing the cellular form of the prion protein. Here, we present the crystal structure of the POM6 Fab fragment, in complex with the mouse prion protein (moPrP). The prion epitope of POM6 is in close proximity to the epitope recognized by the purportedly toxic antibody fragment, POM1 Fab also complexed with moPrP. The POM6 Fab recognizes a larger binding interface indicating a likely stronger binding compared to POM1. POM6 and POM1 exhibit distinct biological responses. Structural comparisons of the bound mouse prion proteins from the POM6 Fab:moPrP and POM1 Fab:moPrP complexes reveal several key regions of the prion protein that might be involved in initiating mis-folding events. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Structural characterization of POM6 Fab and mouse prion protein complex identifies key regions for prions conformational conversion.,Baral PK, Swayampakula M, Aguzzi A, James MNG FEBS J. 2018 Mar 22. doi: 10.1111/febs.14438. PMID:29569342[5]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Mani K, Cheng F, Havsmark B, Jonsson M, Belting M, Fransson LA. Prion, amyloid beta-derived Cu(II) ions, or free Zn(II) ions support S-nitroso-dependent autocleavage of glypican-1 heparan sulfate. J Biol Chem. 2003 Oct 3;278(40):38956-65. Epub 2003 May 5. PMID:12732622 doi:10.1074/jbc.M300394200
- ↑ Steele AD, Emsley JG, Ozdinler PH, Lindquist S, Macklis JD. Prion protein (PrPc) positively regulates neural precursor proliferation during developmental and adult mammalian neurogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 28;103(9):3416-21. Epub 2006 Feb 21. PMID:16492732 doi:10.1073/pnas.0511290103
- ↑ Lauren J, Gimbel DA, Nygaard HB, Gilbert JW, Strittmatter SM. Cellular prion protein mediates impairment of synaptic plasticity by amyloid-beta oligomers. Nature. 2009 Feb 26;457(7233):1128-32. doi: 10.1038/nature07761. PMID:19242475 doi:10.1038/nature07761
- ↑ Singh A, Kong Q, Luo X, Petersen RB, Meyerson H, Singh N. Prion protein (PrP) knock-out mice show altered iron metabolism: a functional role for PrP in iron uptake and transport. PLoS One. 2009 Jul 1;4(7):e6115. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006115. PMID:19568430 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006115
- ↑ Baral PK, Swayampakula M, Aguzzi A, James MNG. Structural characterization of POM6 Fab and mouse prion protein complex identifies key regions for prions conformational conversion. FEBS J. 2018 Mar 22. doi: 10.1111/febs.14438. PMID:29569342 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/febs.14438
