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Function
It is involved in the processing of carbohydrates as it has important roles in the glucose metabolic process (glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway).
It also has a role in protecting cells from destruction because it produces a cofactor NADPH which plays a role in protecting cells from reactive oxygen species.
Genomic context
It is coded by the G6PD gene (1461 nucleotides).
Catalytic activity
D-glucose 6-phosphate + NAD+ → 6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + H+ + NADH
KM=114 µM for G6PD (with NADP), KM=69 µM for G6PD (with NAD),
KM=8.0 µM for NADP, KM=160 µM for NAD
Its regulation depends on the concentration of substrate and coenzyme, rate limiting step in pentose phosphate pathway.
Optimal activity conditions
Optimum pH is 5.4 - 8.9.
Evolutionary conservation
We will keep the interactivity that exist on the page: a box can be checked to observe the different structures conserved evolutionary.
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Mutations
Mutagenesis inducing catalytic activity loss: +200 mutations have been identified. A change of amino acids leads to disruption of the normal
structure/function/reduce the expression of enzymes.
Structural highlights
It is formed of a homodimer (dimer of two identical monomers).
Depending on several conditions, it can dimerize to form tetramers. Each monomer in the complex has a substrate binding site that binds to G6P, and a catalytic coenzyme binding site that binds to NADP+/NADPH using the Rossman fold.
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