6lva
From Proteopedia
Cu- Carbonic Anhydrase II pH 7.8 20 atm CO2
Structural highlights
Disease[CAH2_HUMAN] Defects in CA2 are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 3 (OPTB3) [MIM:259730]; also known as osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis, carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome, Guibaud-Vainsel syndrome or marble brain disease. Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. The disorder occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually associated with normal or elevated amount of non-functional osteoclasts. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Function[CAH2_HUMAN] Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye.[6] [7] Publication Abstract from PubMedWhy metalloenzymes often show dramatic changes in their catalytic activity when subjected to chemically similar but non-native metal substitutions is a long-standing puzzle. Here, we report on the catalytic roles of metal ions in a model metalloenzyme system, human carbonic anhydrase II (CA II). Through a comparative study on the intermediate states of the zinc-bound native CA II and non-native metal-substituted CA IIs, we demonstrate that the characteristic metal ion coordination geometries (tetrahedral for Zn(2+), tetrahedral to octahedral conversion for Co(2+), octahedral for Ni(2+), and trigonal bipyramidal for Cu(2+)) directly modulate the catalytic efficacy. In addition, we reveal that the metal ions have a long-range (~10 A) electrostatic effect on restructuring water network in the active site. Our study provides evidence that the metal ions in metalloenzymes have a crucial impact on the catalytic mechanism beyond their primary chemical properties. Elucidating the role of metal ions in carbonic anhydrase catalysis.,Kim JK, Lee C, Lim SW, Adhikari A, Andring JT, McKenna R, Ghim CM, Kim CU Nat Commun. 2020 Sep 11;11(1):4557. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18425-5. PMID:32917908[8] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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