Group:MUZIC:Synaptopodin

From Proteopedia

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Contents 1 Introduction 2 Sequence annotation 3 Structure 4 Function and interactions 5 Pathology 6 References

Introduction

Synaptopodin, a protein encoded by the gene SYNPO,and represents a novel kind of proline-rich, actin-associated protein that may play a role in modulating actin-based shape and motility of dendritic spines and podocyte foot processes. Either the founding member of a novel class of actin-associated proteins and also expressed in the brain, where it is found at the postsynaptic density and the spine apparatus in a subset of telencephalic neurons. In both brain and kidney, in vivo and in vitro, synaptopodin gene expression is differentiation dependent ^{[1] [2]} and have no significant homology to any known protein except myopodin, the second member of the gene family^[3].

Sequence annotation

Structure

There is no structure related for this protein.

Function and interactions

Synaptopodin seems to be essential for the formation of spine apparatuses in spines of telencephalic neurons, which is involved in synaptic plasticity. Synaptopodin is essential for the integrity of the podocyte actin cytoskeleton and for the regulation of podocyte cell migration ^[4]. Postictal upregulation of Synaptopodin mRNA levels in target cell populations of limbic epilepsy-elicited damage and subsequent Synaptopodin protein expression largely co-localized with remodeling processes as demonstrated by mossy fiber sprouting ^[5].

Pathology

References

1. ↑ Mundel P, Heid HW, Mundel TM, Kruger M, Reiser J, Kriz W. Synaptopodin: an actin-associated protein in telencephalic dendrites and renal podocytes. J Cell Biol. 1997 Oct 6;139(1):193-204. PMID:9314539
2. ↑ Deller T, Merten T, Roth SU, Mundel P, Frotscher M. Actin-associated protein synaptopodin in the rat hippocampal formation: localization in the spine neck and close association with the spine apparatus of principal neurons. J Comp Neurol. 2000 Mar 6;418(2):164-81. PMID:10701442
3. ↑ Weins A, Schwarz K, Faul C, Barisoni L, Linke WA, Mundel P. Differentiation- and stress-dependent nuclear cytoplasmic redistribution of myopodin, a novel actin-bundling protein. J Cell Biol. 2001 Oct 29;155(3):393-404. Epub 2001 Oct 22. PMID:11673475 doi:10.1083/jcb.200012039
4. ↑ Asanuma K, Yanagida-Asanuma E, Faul C, Tomino Y, Kim K, Mundel P. Synaptopodin orchestrates actin organization and cell motility via regulation of RhoA signalling. Nat Cell Biol. 2006 May;8(5):485-91. Epub 2006 Apr 16. PMID:16622418 doi:10.1038/ncb1400
5. ↑ Roth SU, Sommer C, Mundel P, Kiessling M. Expression of synaptopodin, an actin-associated protein, in the rat hippocampus after limbic epilepsy. Brain Pathol. 2001 Apr;11(2):169-81. PMID:11303792