Structural highlights
Function
[REP_TYCSV] Essential for the replication of viral ssDNA. The closed circular ssDNA genome is first converted to a superhelical dsDNA. Rep binds a specific region at the genome origin of replication. It introduces an endonucleolytic nick within the conserved sequence 5'-TAATATTAC-3' in the intergenic region of the genome present in all geminiviruses, thereby initiating the rolling circle replication (RCR). Following cleavage, binds covalently to the 5'-phosphate of DNA as a tyrosyl ester. The cleavage gives rise to a free 3'-OH that serves as a primer for the cellular DNA polymerase. The polymerase synthesizes the (+) strand DNA by rolling circle mechanism. After one round of replication, a Rep-catalyzed nucleotidyl transfer reaction releases a circular single-stranded virus genome, thereby terminating the replication. Displays origin-specific DNA cleavage, nucleotidyl transferase, ATPase and helicase activities.
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Rolling circle replication is a mechanism for copying single-stranded genomes by means of double-stranded intermediates. A multifunctional replication initiator protein (Rep) is indispensable for the precise initiation and termination of this process. Despite the ubiquitous presence and fundamental importance of rolling circle replication elements, structural information on their respective replication initiators is still missing. Here we present the solution NMR structure of the catalytic domain of Rep, the initiator protein of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. It is composed of a central five-stranded anti-parallel beta-sheet, flanked by a small two-stranded beta-sheet, a beta-hairpin and two alpha-helices. Surprisingly, the structure reveals that the catalytic Rep domain is related to a large group of proteins that bind RNA or DNA. Identification of Rep as resembling the family of ribonucleoprotein/RNA-recognition motif fold proteins establishes a structure-based evolutionary link between RNA binding proteins, splicing factors, and replication initiators of prokaryotic and eukaryotic single-stranded DNA elements and mammalian DNA tumor viruses.
The structure of a replication initiator unites diverse aspects of nucleic acid metabolism.,Campos-Olivas R, Louis JM, Clerot D, Gronenborn B, Gronenborn AM Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Aug 6;99(16):10310-5. Epub 2002 Jul 18. PMID:12130667[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Campos-Olivas R, Louis JM, Clerot D, Gronenborn B, Gronenborn AM. The structure of a replication initiator unites diverse aspects of nucleic acid metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Aug 6;99(16):10310-5. Epub 2002 Jul 18. PMID:12130667 doi:10.1073/pnas.152342699
