Structural highlights
Function
[RAD23_YEAST] Plays a central role both in proteasomal degradation of misfolded proteins and DNA repair. Central component of a complex required to couple deglycosylation and proteasome-mediated degradation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum that are retrotranslocated in the cytosol. Involved in DNA excision repair. May play a part in DNA damage recognition and/or in altering chromatin structure to allow access by damage-processing enzymes. [RAD4_YEAST] Involved in nucleotide excision repair of DNA damaged with UV light, bulky adducts, or cross-linking agents.
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Mutations in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway can cause the xeroderma pigmentosum skin cancer predisposition syndrome. NER lesions are limited to one DNA strand, but otherwise they are chemically and structurally diverse, being caused by a wide variety of genotoxic chemicals and ultraviolet radiation. The xeroderma pigmentosum C (XPC) protein has a central role in initiating global-genome NER by recognizing the lesion and recruiting downstream factors. Here we present the crystal structure of the yeast XPC orthologue Rad4 bound to DNA containing a cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) lesion. The structure shows that Rad4 inserts a beta-hairpin through the DNA duplex, causing the two damaged base pairs to flip out of the double helix. The expelled nucleotides of the undamaged strand are recognized by Rad4, whereas the two CPD-linked nucleotides become disordered. These findings indicate that the lesions recognized by Rad4/XPC thermodynamically destabilize the Watson-Crick double helix in a manner that facilitates the flipping-out of two base pairs.
Recognition of DNA damage by the Rad4 nucleotide excision repair protein.,Min JH, Pavletich NP Nature. 2007 Oct 4;449(7162):570-5. Epub 2007 Sep 19. PMID:17882165[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Min JH, Pavletich NP. Recognition of DNA damage by the Rad4 nucleotide excision repair protein. Nature. 2007 Oct 4;449(7162):570-5. Epub 2007 Sep 19. PMID:17882165 doi:10.1038/nature06155
