Function
Defensins (DEF) are small cationic defense proteins active against bacteria, fungi and viruses. DEF are found in cells of the immune system. DEF contains 6-8 conserved cysteine residues. DEF binds to microbial cell membrane forming pores and thus allowing outflow of essential nutrients thus killing them.[1] For details on plant DEF see Plant defensin.
Relevance
There is increase in α-DEF in chronic inflammations and several cancers. DEF-mimetics are developed as antibiotics.
Disease
Overexpression of α-defensin is seen in chronic inflammation, several cancers and in T-cells of schizophrenia patients.
