Interleukin

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Interleukin (IL) is a cytokine which functions in the immune system. IL deficiency results in autoimmune disease. IL families are denoted by numbers.

  • IL-1 is a group of 11 cytokines which regulate immune and inflammatory response. See Interleukin-1 beta.
  • IL-2 is a cytokine made by leukocytes. It is used in cancer therapy to boost the immune system.
  • IL-3 improves the body's natural response to disease by stimulating the differentiation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells into myeloid or lymphoid progenitor cells.
  • IL-4 induces the differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0) to Th2 cells.
  • IL-5 stimulates B cell growth and increases immunoglobulin secretion.
  • IL-6 is both a pro-inflammatory cytokine and anti-inflammatory myokine.
  • IL-7 is a cytokine important for B and T cells development.
  • IL-8 induces chemotaxis and phagocytosis.
  • IL-10 see Interleukin-10 and Inflammation & Rheumatoid Arthritis.
  • IL-11 involved in the stimulation of megakaryocyte maturation.
  • IL-12 induces the differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0) to Th1 cells.
  • IL-13 induces the differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0) to Th2 cells.
  • IL-15 see Interleukin-15.
  • IL-16 acts as chemoattractant, modulator of T cell activity and inhibitor of HIV replication.
  • IL-17 recruits monocytes and neutrophils to the site of inflammation.
  • IL-18 induces cell-mediated immunity following infection by microbial lipopolysaccharides.
  • IL-19 induces activation of the signal transducer and activator of STAT3.
  • IL-21 has potent effect on natural killer cells.
  • IL-22 stimulates inflammatory responses like S100 and defensin.
  • IL-23 induces activation of the signal transducer and activator of STAT4.
  • IL-28 has a role in the immune defense against viruses.
  • IL-29 similar to IL-28.
  • IL-33 induces helper T cells, mast cells, eosinophils and basophils to produce type 2 cytokines.
  • IL-34 increases growth or survival of monocytes.
  • IL-36 acts on naïve CD4+ T cells.

3D structures of interleukin

Updated on 10-February-2016

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Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman

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