4hwk
From Proteopedia
Crystal structure of human sepiapterin reductase in complex with sulfapyridine
Structural highlights
Disease[SPRE_HUMAN] Defects in SPR are the cause of dystonia DOPA-responsive due to sepiapterin reductase deficiency (DRDSPRD) [MIM:612716]. In the majority of cases, patients manifest progressive psychomotor retardation, dystonia and spasticity. Cognitive anomalies are also often present. The disease is due to severe dopamine and serotonin deficiencies in the central nervous system caused by a defect in BH4 synthesis. Dystonia is defined by the presence of sustained involuntary muscle contractions, often leading to abnormal postures.[1] [2] [3] Function[SPRE_HUMAN] Catalyzes the final one or two reductions in tetra-hydrobiopterin biosynthesis to form 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin. Publication Abstract from PubMedThe introduction of sulfa drugs for the chemotherapy of bacterial infections in 1935 revolutionized medicine. Although their mechanism of action is understood, the molecular bases for most of their side effects remain obscure. Here, we report that sulfamethoxazole and other sulfa drugs interfere with tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis through inhibition of sepiapterin reductase. Crystal structures of sepiapterin reductase with bound sulfa drugs reveal how structurally diverse sulfa drugs achieve specific inhibition of the enzyme. The effect of sulfa drugs on tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent neurotransmitter biosynthesis in cell-based assays provides a rationale for some of their central nervous system-related side effects, particularly in high-dose sulfamethoxazole therapy of Pneumocystis pneumonia. Our findings reveal an unexpected aspect of the pharmacology of sulfa drugs and might translate into their improved medical use. Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis as an off-target of sulfa drugs.,Haruki H, Pedersen MG, Gorska KI, Pojer F, Johnsson K Science. 2013 May 24;340(6135):987-91. doi: 10.1126/science.1232972. PMID:23704574[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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