4yyn
From Proteopedia
Crystal structure of TAF1 BD2 Bromodomain bound to a crotonyllysine peptide
Structural highlights
Disease[TAF1_HUMAN] Defects in TAF1 are the cause of dystonia type 3 (DYT3) [MIM:314250]; also called X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP). DYT3 is a X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism disorder. Dystonia is defined by the presence of sustained involuntary muscle contractions, often leading to abnormal postures. DYT3 is characterized by severe progressive torsion dystonia followed by parkinsonism. Its prevalence is high in the Philippines. DYT3 has a well-defined pathology of extensive neuronal loss and mosaic gliosis in the striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen) which appears to resemble that in Huntington disease.[1] [2] Function[TAF1_HUMAN] Largest component and core scaffold of the TFIID basal transcription factor complex. Contains novel N- and C-terminal Ser/Thr kinase domains which can autophosphorylate or transphosphorylate other transcription factors. Phosphorylates TP53 on 'Thr-55' which leads to MDM2-mediated degradation of TP53. Phosphorylates GTF2A1 and GTF2F1 on Ser residues. Possesses DNA-binding activity. Essential for progression of the G1 phase of the cell cycle.[3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] Publication Abstract from PubMedBromodomains are epigenetic readers that are recruited to acetyllysine residues in histone tails. Recent studies have identified non-acetyl acyllysine modifications, raising the possibility that these might be read by bromodomains. Profiling the nearly complete human bromodomain family revealed that while most human bromodomains bind only the shorter acetyl and propionyl marks, the bromodomains of BRD9, CECR2, and the second bromodomain of TAF1 also recognize the longer butyryl mark. In addition, the TAF1 second bromodomain is capable of binding crotonyl marks. None of the human bromodomains tested binds succinyl marks. We characterized structurally and biochemically the binding to different acyl groups, identifying bromodomain residues and structural attributes that contribute to specificity. These studies demonstrate a surprising degree of plasticity in some human bromodomains but no single factor controlling specificity across the family. The identification of candidate butyryl- and crotonyllysine readers supports the idea that these marks could have specific physiological functions. A Subset of Human Bromodomains Recognizes Butyryllysine and Crotonyllysine Histone Peptide Modifications.,Flynn EM, Huang OW, Poy F, Oppikofer M, Bellon SF, Tang Y, Cochran AG Structure. 2015 Sep 4. pii: S0969-2126(15)00329-9. doi:, 10.1016/j.str.2015.08.004. PMID:26365797[10] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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