| Structural highlights
Disease
[SUZ12_HUMAN] A chromosomal aberration involving SUZ12 may be a cause of endometrial stromal tumors. Translocation t(7;17)(p15;q21) with JAZF1. The translocation generates the JAZF1-SUZ12 oncogene consisting of the N-terminus part of JAZF1 and the C-terminus part of SUZ12. It is frequently found in all cases of endometrial stromal tumors, except in endometrial stromal sarcomas, where it is rarer.[1]
Function
[SUZ12_HUMAN] Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Component of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) and 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby linking two epigenetic repression systems. Genes repressed by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex include HOXC8, HOXA9, MYT1 and CDKN2A.[2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [EED_HUMAN] Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Component of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. Also recognizes 'Lys-26' trimethylated histone H1 with the effect of inhibiting PRC2 complex methyltransferase activity on nucleosomal histone H3 'Lys-27', whereas H3 'Lys-27' recognition has the opposite effect, enabling the propagation of this repressive mark. The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby linking two epigenetic repression systems. Genes repressed by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex include HOXC8, HOXA9, MYT1 and CDKN2A.[8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
A new series of lactam-derived EZH2 inhibitors was designed via a ligand- and physicochemical property-based strategy to address metabolic stability and thermodynamic solubility issues associated with previous lead compound 1. The new inhibitors incorporated an sp3 hybridized carbon atom at the 7-position of the lactam moiety present in lead compound 1 as a replacement for a dimethylisoxazole group. This transformation enabled optimization of the physicochemical properties and potency compared to compound 1. Analysis of relationships between calculated logD (cLogD) values and in vitro metabolic stability and permeability parameters identified a clogD range that afforded an increased probability of achieving favorable ADME data in a single molecule. Compound 23a exhibited the best overlap of potency and pharmaceutical properties as well as robust tumor growth inhibition in vivo and was therefore advanced as a development candidate (PF-06821497). A crystal structure of 23a in complex with the three-protein PRC2 complex enabled understanding of the key structural features required for optimal binding.
Optimization of orally bioavailable enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibitors using ligand and property-based design strategies: Identification of development candidate (R)-5,8-dichloro-7-(methoxy(oxetan-3-yl)methyl)-2-((4-methoxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2- dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-one (PF-06821497).,Kung PP, Bingham P, Brooun A, Collins MR, Deng YL, Dinh DM, Fan C, Gajiwala KS, Grantner R, Gukasyan HJ, Hu W, Huang B, Kania RS, Kephart SE, Krivacic CT, Kumpf RA, Khamphavong P, Kraus M, Liu W, Maegley KA, Nguyen L, Ren S, Richter DT, Rollins RA, Sach NW, Sharma S, Sherrill J, Spangler JE, Stewart AE, Sutton SC, Uryu S, Verhelle D, Wang H, Wang S, Wythes M, Xin S, Yamazaki S, Zhu H, Zhu J, Zehnder L, Edwards MP J Med Chem. 2017 Dec 6. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01375. PMID:29211475[17]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Koontz JI, Soreng AL, Nucci M, Kuo FC, Pauwels P, van Den Berghe H, Dal Cin P, Fletcher JA, Sklar J. Frequent fusion of the JAZF1 and JJAZ1 genes in endometrial stromal tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 May 22;98(11):6348-53. PMID:11371647 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.101132598
- ↑ Cao R, Zhang Y. SUZ12 is required for both the histone methyltransferase activity and the silencing function of the EED-EZH2 complex. Mol Cell. 2004 Jul 2;15(1):57-67. PMID:15225548 doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2004.06.020
- ↑ Kirmizis A, Bartley SM, Kuzmichev A, Margueron R, Reinberg D, Green R, Farnham PJ. Silencing of human polycomb target genes is associated with methylation of histone H3 Lys 27. Genes Dev. 2004 Jul 1;18(13):1592-605. PMID:15231737 doi:10.1101/gad.1200204
- ↑ Pasini D, Bracken AP, Jensen MR, Lazzerini Denchi E, Helin K. Suz12 is essential for mouse development and for EZH2 histone methyltransferase activity. EMBO J. 2004 Oct 13;23(20):4061-71. Epub 2004 Sep 23. PMID:15385962 doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600402
- ↑ Bracken AP, Dietrich N, Pasini D, Hansen KH, Helin K. Genome-wide mapping of Polycomb target genes unravels their roles in cell fate transitions. Genes Dev. 2006 May 1;20(9):1123-36. Epub 2006 Apr 17. PMID:16618801 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.381706
- ↑ Bracken AP, Kleine-Kohlbrecher D, Dietrich N, Pasini D, Gargiulo G, Beekman C, Theilgaard-Monch K, Minucci S, Porse BT, Marine JC, Hansen KH, Helin K. The Polycomb group proteins bind throughout the INK4A-ARF locus and are disassociated in senescent cells. Genes Dev. 2007 Mar 1;21(5):525-30. PMID:17344414 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.415507
- ↑ Sarma K, Margueron R, Ivanov A, Pirrotta V, Reinberg D. Ezh2 requires PHF1 to efficiently catalyze H3 lysine 27 trimethylation in vivo. Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Apr;28(8):2718-31. doi: 10.1128/MCB.02017-07. Epub 2008 Feb, 19. PMID:18285464 doi:10.1128/MCB.02017-07
- ↑ Sewalt RG, van der Vlag J, Gunster MJ, Hamer KM, den Blaauwen JL, Satijn DP, Hendrix T, van Driel R, Otte AP. Characterization of interactions between the mammalian polycomb-group proteins Enx1/EZH2 and EED suggests the existence of different mammalian polycomb-group protein complexes. Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Jun;18(6):3586-95. PMID:9584199
- ↑ van der Vlag J, Otte AP. Transcriptional repression mediated by the human polycomb-group protein EED involves histone deacetylation. Nat Genet. 1999 Dec;23(4):474-8. PMID:10581039 doi:10.1038/70602
- ↑ Bracken AP, Pasini D, Capra M, Prosperini E, Colli E, Helin K. EZH2 is downstream of the pRB-E2F pathway, essential for proliferation and amplified in cancer. EMBO J. 2003 Oct 15;22(20):5323-35. PMID:14532106 doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg542
- ↑ Pasini D, Bracken AP, Jensen MR, Lazzerini Denchi E, Helin K. Suz12 is essential for mouse development and for EZH2 histone methyltransferase activity. EMBO J. 2004 Oct 13;23(20):4061-71. Epub 2004 Sep 23. PMID:15385962 doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600402
- ↑ Kirmizis A, Bartley SM, Kuzmichev A, Margueron R, Reinberg D, Green R, Farnham PJ. Silencing of human polycomb target genes is associated with methylation of histone H3 Lys 27. Genes Dev. 2004 Jul 1;18(13):1592-605. PMID:15231737 doi:10.1101/gad.1200204
- ↑ Cao R, Zhang Y. SUZ12 is required for both the histone methyltransferase activity and the silencing function of the EED-EZH2 complex. Mol Cell. 2004 Jul 2;15(1):57-67. PMID:15225548 doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2004.06.020
- ↑ Vire E, Brenner C, Deplus R, Blanchon L, Fraga M, Didelot C, Morey L, Van Eynde A, Bernard D, Vanderwinden JM, Bollen M, Esteller M, Di Croce L, de Launoit Y, Fuks F. The Polycomb group protein EZH2 directly controls DNA methylation. Nature. 2006 Feb 16;439(7078):871-4. Epub 2005 Dec 14. PMID:16357870 doi:10.1038/nature04431
- ↑ Sarma K, Margueron R, Ivanov A, Pirrotta V, Reinberg D. Ezh2 requires PHF1 to efficiently catalyze H3 lysine 27 trimethylation in vivo. Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Apr;28(8):2718-31. doi: 10.1128/MCB.02017-07. Epub 2008 Feb, 19. PMID:18285464 doi:10.1128/MCB.02017-07
- ↑ Xu C, Bian C, Yang W, Galka M, Ouyang H, Chen C, Qiu W, Liu H, Jones AE, Mackenzie F, Pan P, Li SS, Wang H, Min J. Binding of different histone marks differentially regulates the activity and specificity of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Oct 25. PMID:20974918 doi:10.1073/pnas.1008937107
- ↑ Kung PP, Bingham P, Brooun A, Collins MR, Deng YL, Dinh DM, Fan C, Gajiwala KS, Grantner R, Gukasyan HJ, Hu W, Huang B, Kania RS, Kephart SE, Krivacic CT, Kumpf RA, Khamphavong P, Kraus M, Liu W, Maegley KA, Nguyen L, Ren S, Richter DT, Rollins RA, Sach NW, Sharma S, Sherrill J, Spangler JE, Stewart AE, Sutton SC, Uryu S, Verhelle D, Wang H, Wang S, Wythes M, Xin S, Yamazaki S, Zhu H, Zhu J, Zehnder L, Edwards MP. Optimization of orally bioavailable enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibitors using ligand and property-based design strategies: Identification of development candidate (R)-5,8-dichloro-7-(methoxy(oxetan-3-yl)methyl)-2-((4-methoxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2- dihydropyridin-3-yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-one (PF-06821497). J Med Chem. 2017 Dec 6. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01375. PMID:29211475 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01375
|
