4wn5

Structural highlights

Function

[HIF3A_HUMAN] Acts as a transcriptional regulator in adaptive response to low oxygen tension. Acts as a regulator of hypoxia-inducible gene expression (PubMed:11573933, PubMed:16126907, PubMed:19694616, PubMed:20416395, PubMed:21069422). Functions as an inhibitor of angiogenesis in hypoxic cells of the cornea. Plays a role in the development of the cardiorespiratory system. May also be involved in apoptosis (By similarity).[UniProtKB:Q0VBL6]^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]} Isoform 2: Attenuates the ability of transcription factor HIF1A to bind to hypoxia-responsive elements (HRE) located within the enhancer/promoter of hypoxia-inducible target genes and hence inhibits HRE-driven transcriptional activation. Also inhibits hypoxia-inducible ARNT-mediated gene expression.^[6] Isoform 3: Attenuates the ability of transcription factor HIF1A to bind to hypoxia-responsive elements (HRE) located within the enhancer/promoter of hypoxia-inducible target genes and hence inhibits HRE-driven transcriptional activation.^{[7] [8] [9]} isoform 4: Attenuates the ability of transcription factor HIF1A and EPAS1/HIF2A to bind to hypoxia-responsive elements (HRE) located within the enhancer/promoter of hypoxia-inducible target genes and hence inhibits HRE-driven transcriptional activation (PubMed:16126907, PubMed:17998805, PubMed:19694616, PubMed:20416395). May act as a tumor suppressor and inhibits malignant cell transformation (PubMed:17998805).^{[10] [11] [12] [13]} Isoform 5: Attenuates the ability of transcription factor HIF1A to bind to hypoxia-responsive elements (HRE) located within the enhancer/promoter of hypoxia-inducible target genes and hence inhibits HRE-driven transcriptional activation.^[14]

References

1. ↑ Hara S, Hamada J, Kobayashi C, Kondo Y, Imura N. Expression and characterization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-3alpha in human kidney: suppression of HIF-mediated gene expression by HIF-3alpha. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Oct 5;287(4):808-13. PMID:11573933 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2001.5659
2. ↑ Maynard MA, Evans AJ, Hosomi T, Hara S, Jewett MA, Ohh M. Human HIF-3alpha4 is a dominant-negative regulator of HIF-1 and is down-regulated in renal cell carcinoma. FASEB J. 2005 Sep;19(11):1396-406. PMID:16126907 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.05-3788com
3. ↑ Tanaka T, Wiesener M, Bernhardt W, Eckardt KU, Warnecke C. The human HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)-3alpha gene is a HIF-1 target gene and may modulate hypoxic gene induction. Biochem J. 2009 Oct 23;424(1):143-51. doi: 10.1042/BJ20090120. PMID:19694616 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BJ20090120
4. ↑ Pasanen A, Heikkila M, Rautavuoma K, Hirsila M, Kivirikko KI, Myllyharju J. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-3alpha is subject to extensive alternative splicing in human tissues and cancer cells and is regulated by HIF-1 but not HIF-2. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2010 Jul;42(7):1189-200. doi:, 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.04.008. Epub 2010 Apr 21. PMID:20416395 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2010.04.008
5. ↑ Augstein A, Poitz DM, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Strasser RH, Schmeisser A. Cell-specific and hypoxia-dependent regulation of human HIF-3alpha: inhibition of the expression of HIF target genes in vascular cells. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2011 Aug;68(15):2627-42. doi: 10.1007/s00018-010-0575-4. Epub , 2010 Nov 11. PMID:21069422 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-010-0575-4
6. ↑ Hara S, Hamada J, Kobayashi C, Kondo Y, Imura N. Expression and characterization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-3alpha in human kidney: suppression of HIF-mediated gene expression by HIF-3alpha. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Oct 5;287(4):808-13. PMID:11573933 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2001.5659
7. ↑ Tanaka T, Wiesener M, Bernhardt W, Eckardt KU, Warnecke C. The human HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)-3alpha gene is a HIF-1 target gene and may modulate hypoxic gene induction. Biochem J. 2009 Oct 23;424(1):143-51. doi: 10.1042/BJ20090120. PMID:19694616 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BJ20090120
8. ↑ Pasanen A, Heikkila M, Rautavuoma K, Hirsila M, Kivirikko KI, Myllyharju J. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-3alpha is subject to extensive alternative splicing in human tissues and cancer cells and is regulated by HIF-1 but not HIF-2. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2010 Jul;42(7):1189-200. doi:, 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.04.008. Epub 2010 Apr 21. PMID:20416395 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2010.04.008
9. ↑ Augstein A, Poitz DM, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Strasser RH, Schmeisser A. Cell-specific and hypoxia-dependent regulation of human HIF-3alpha: inhibition of the expression of HIF target genes in vascular cells. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2011 Aug;68(15):2627-42. doi: 10.1007/s00018-010-0575-4. Epub , 2010 Nov 11. PMID:21069422 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-010-0575-4
10. ↑ Maynard MA, Evans AJ, Hosomi T, Hara S, Jewett MA, Ohh M. Human HIF-3alpha4 is a dominant-negative regulator of HIF-1 and is down-regulated in renal cell carcinoma. FASEB J. 2005 Sep;19(11):1396-406. PMID:16126907 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.05-3788com
11. ↑ Maynard MA, Evans AJ, Shi W, Kim WY, Liu FF, Ohh M. Dominant-negative HIF-3 alpha 4 suppresses VHL-null renal cell carcinoma progression. Cell Cycle. 2007 Nov 15;6(22):2810-6. Epub 2007 Aug 29. PMID:17998805
12. ↑ Tanaka T, Wiesener M, Bernhardt W, Eckardt KU, Warnecke C. The human HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)-3alpha gene is a HIF-1 target gene and may modulate hypoxic gene induction. Biochem J. 2009 Oct 23;424(1):143-51. doi: 10.1042/BJ20090120. PMID:19694616 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BJ20090120
13. ↑ Pasanen A, Heikkila M, Rautavuoma K, Hirsila M, Kivirikko KI, Myllyharju J. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-3alpha is subject to extensive alternative splicing in human tissues and cancer cells and is regulated by HIF-1 but not HIF-2. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2010 Jul;42(7):1189-200. doi:, 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.04.008. Epub 2010 Apr 21. PMID:20416395 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2010.04.008
14. ↑ Augstein A, Poitz DM, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Strasser RH, Schmeisser A. Cell-specific and hypoxia-dependent regulation of human HIF-3alpha: inhibition of the expression of HIF target genes in vascular cells. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2011 Aug;68(15):2627-42. doi: 10.1007/s00018-010-0575-4. Epub , 2010 Nov 11. PMID:21069422 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-010-0575-4