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Structural highlights

Disease

[CO3A1_HUMAN] Defects in COL3A1 are a cause of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type 3 (EDS3) [MIM:130020]; also known as benign hypermobility syndrome. EDS is a connective tissue disorder characterized by hyperextensible skin, atrophic cutaneous scars due to tissue fragility and joint hyperlaxity. EDS3 is a form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterized by marked joint hyperextensibility without skeletal deformity.^[1] Defects in COL3A1 are the cause of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type 4 (EDS4) [MIM:130050]. EDS is a connective tissue disorder characterized by hyperextensible skin, atrophic cutaneous scars due to tissue fragility and joint hyperlaxity. EDS4 is the most severe form of the disease. It is characterized by the joint and dermal manifestations as in other forms of the syndrome, characteristic facial features (acrogeria) in most patients, and by proneness to spontaneous rupture of bowel and large arteries. The vascular complications may affect all anatomical areas.^{[2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]} [:]^{[12] [13]} [:]^{[14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25]} Defects in COL3A1 are a cause of susceptibility to aortic aneurysm abdominal (AAA) [MIM:100070]. AAA is a common multifactorial disorder characterized by permanent dilation of the abdominal aorta, usually due to degenerative changes in the aortic wall. Histologically, AAA is characterized by signs of chronic inflammation, destructive remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and depletion of vascular smooth muscle cells.^{[26] [27] [28]}

Function

[CO3A1_HUMAN] Collagen type III occurs in most soft connective tissues along with type I collagen. [PCOC1_HUMAN] Binds to the C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen and enhances procollagen C-proteinase activity. C-terminal processed part of PCPE (CT-PCPE) may have an metalloproteinase inhibitory activity.

References

1. ↑ Narcisi P, Richards AJ, Ferguson SD, Pope FM. A family with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type III/articular hypermobility syndrome has a glycine 637 to serine substitution in type III collagen. Hum Mol Genet. 1994 Sep;3(9):1617-20. PMID:7833919
2. ↑ Richards AJ, Lloyd JC, Narcisi P, Ward PN, Nicholls AC, De Paepe A, Pope FM. A 27-bp deletion from one allele of the type III collagen gene (COL3A1) in a large family with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. Hum Genet. 1992 Jan;88(3):325-30. PMID:1370809
3. ↑ Richards A, Narcisi P, Lloyd J, Ferguson C, Pope FM. The substitution of glycine 661 by arginine in type III collagen produces mutant molecules with different thermal stabilities and causes Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. J Med Genet. 1993 Aug;30(8):690-3. PMID:8411057
4. ↑ Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H, Shikata H, Prockop DJ. A single base mutation that substitutes serine for glycine 790 of the alpha 1 (III) chain of type III procollagen exposes an arginine and causes Ehlers-Danlos syndrome IV. J Biol Chem. 1989 Jan 25;264(3):1349-52. PMID:2492273
5. ↑ Tromp G, De Paepe A, Nuytinck L, Madhatheri S, Kuivaniemi H. Substitution of valine for glycine 793 in type III procollagen in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. Hum Mutat. 1995;5(2):179-81. PMID:7749417 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/humu.1380050213
6. ↑ Richards AJ, Ward PN, Narcisi P, Nicholls AC, Lloyd JC, Pope FM. A single base mutation in the gene for type III collagen (COL3A1) converts glycine 847 to glutamic acid in a family with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. An unaffected family member is mosaic for the mutation. Hum Genet. 1992 Jun;89(4):414-8. PMID:1352273
7. ↑ Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H, Stolle C, Pope FM, Prockop DJ. Single base mutation in the type III procollagen gene that converts the codon for glycine 883 to aspartate in a mild variant of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome IV. J Biol Chem. 1989 Nov 15;264(32):19313-7. PMID:2808425
8. ↑ Richards AJ, Lloyd JC, Ward PN, De Paepe A, Narcisi P, Pope FM. Characterisation of a glycine to valine substitution at amino acid position 910 of the triple helical region of type III collagen in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. J Med Genet. 1991 Jul;28(7):458-63. PMID:1895316
9. ↑ Johnson PH, Richards AJ, Pope FM, Hopkinson DA. A COL3A1 glycine 1006 to glutamic acid substitution in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV detected by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1992;15(3):426-30. PMID:1357232
10. ↑ Kontusaari S, Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H, Stolle C, Pope FM, Prockop DJ. Substitution of aspartate for glycine 1018 in the type III procollagen (COL3A1) gene causes type IV Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: the mutated allele is present in most blood leukocytes of the asymptomatic and mosaic mother. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Sep;51(3):497-507. PMID:1496983
11. ↑ Narcisi P, Wu Y, Tromp G, Earley JJ, Richards AJ, Pope FM, Kuivaniemi H. Single base mutation that substitutes glutamic acid for glycine 1021 in the COL3A1 gene and causes Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. Am J Med Genet. 1993 May 15;46(3):278-83. PMID:8098182 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.1320460308
12. ↑ Madhatheri SL, Tromp G, Gustavson KH, Kuivaniemi H. Substitution of glutamic acid for glycine 589 in the triple-helical domain of type III procollagen (COL3A1) in a family with variable phenotype of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. Hum Mol Genet. 1994 Mar;3(3):511-2. PMID:7912131
13. ↑ Nuytinck L, De Paepe A, Renard JP, Adriaens F, Leroy J. Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of the COL3A1 gene detects a mutation that results in the substitution of glycine 1009 to valine and causes severe Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. Hum Mutat. 1994;3(3):268-74. PMID:8019562 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/humu.1380030315
14. ↑ Johnson PH, Richards AJ, Lloyd JC, Pope FM, Hopkinson DA. Efficient strategy for the detection of mutations in acrogeric Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. Hum Mutat. 1995;6(4):336-42. PMID:8680408 doi:10.1002/humu.1380060408
15. ↑ Mackay K, Raghunath M, Superti-Furga A, Steinmann B, Dalgleish R. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV caused by Gly400Glu, Gly595Cys and Gly1003Asp substitutions in collagen III: clinical features, biochemical screening, and molecular confirmation. Clin Genet. 1996 Jun;49(6):286-95. PMID:8884076
16. ↑ McGrory J, Weksberg R, Thorner P, Cole WG. Abnormal extracellular matrix in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV due to the substitution of glycine 934 by glutamic acid in the triple helical domain of type III collagen. Clin Genet. 1996 Dec;50(6):442-5. PMID:9147870
17. ↑ McGrory J, Costa T, Cole WG. A novel G499D substitution in the alpha 1(III) chain of type III collagen produces variable forms of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. Hum Mutat. 1996;7(1):59-60. PMID:8664902 doi:<59::AID-HUMU8>3.0.CO;2-K 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1996)7:1<59::AID-HUMU8>3.0.CO;2-K
18. ↑ Anderson DW, Thakker-Varia S, Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H, Stolle CA. A glycine (415)-to-serine substitution results in impaired secretion and decreased thermal stability of type III procollagen in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. Hum Mutat. 1997;9(1):62-3. PMID:8990011 doi:<62::AID-HUMU11>3.0.CO;2-N 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1997)9:1<62::AID-HUMU11>3.0.CO;2-N
19. ↑ Smith LT, Schwarze U, Goldstein J, Byers PH. Mutations in the COL3A1 gene result in the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV and alterations in the size and distribution of the major collagen fibrils of the dermis. J Invest Dermatol. 1997 Mar;108(3):241-7. PMID:9036918
20. ↑ Bateman JF, Chiodo AA, Weng YM, Chan D, Haan E. A type III collagen Gly559 to Arg helix mutation in Ehler's-Danlos syndrome type IV. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S257-9. PMID:9452103
21. ↑ Giunta C, Steinmann B. Characterization of 11 new mutations in COL3A1 of individuals with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV: preliminary comparison of RNase cleavage, EMC and DHPLC assays. Hum Mutat. 2000 Aug;16(2):176-7. PMID:10923041 doi:<176::AID-HUMU12>3.0.CO;2-E 10.1002/1098-1004(200008)16:2<176::AID-HUMU12>3.0.CO;2-E
22. ↑ Pepin M, Schwarze U, Superti-Furga A, Byers PH. Clinical and genetic features of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV, the vascular type. N Engl J Med. 2000 Mar 9;342(10):673-80. PMID:10706896
23. ↑ Nishiyama Y, Nejima J, Watanabe A, Kotani E, Sakai N, Hatamochi A, Shinkai H, Kiuchi K, Tamura K, Shimada T, Takano T, Katayama Y. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV with a unique point mutation in COL3A1 and familial phenotype of myocardial infarction without organic coronary stenosis. J Intern Med. 2001 Jan;249(1):103-8. PMID:11168790
24. ↑ Kroes HY, Pals G, van Essen AJ. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV: unusual congenital anomalies in a mother and son with a COL3A1 mutation and a normal collagen III protein profile. Clin Genet. 2003 Mar;63(3):224-7. PMID:12694234
25. ↑ Palmeri S, Mari F, Meloni I, Malandrini A, Ariani F, Villanova M, Pompilio A, Schwarze U, Byers PH, Renieri A. Neurological presentation of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV in a family with parental mosaicism. Clin Genet. 2003 Jun;63(6):510-5. PMID:12786757
26. ↑ Tromp G, Wu Y, Prockop DJ, Madhatheri SL, Kleinert C, Earley JJ, Zhuang J, Norrgard O, Darling RC, Abbott WM, et al.. Sequencing of cDNA from 50 unrelated patients reveals that mutations in the triple-helical domain of type III procollagen are an infrequent cause of aortic aneurysms. J Clin Invest. 1993 Jun;91(6):2539-45. PMID:8514866 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI116490
27. ↑ Kontusaari S, Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H, Romanic AM, Prockop DJ. A mutation in the gene for type III procollagen (COL3A1) in a family with aortic aneurysms. J Clin Invest. 1990 Nov;86(5):1465-73. PMID:2243125 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI114863
28. ↑ Kontusaari S, Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H, Ladda RL, Prockop DJ. Inheritance of an RNA splicing mutation (G+ 1 IVS20) in the type III procollagen gene (COL3A1) in a family having aortic aneurysms and easy bruisability: phenotypic overlap between familial arterial aneurysms and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. Am J Hum Genet. 1990 Jul;47(1):112-20. PMID:2349939