2qyn
From Proteopedia
Crystal structure of PDE4D2 in complex with inhibitor NPV
Structural highlights
Disease[PDE4D_HUMAN] Note=Genetic variations in PDE4D might be associated with susceptibility to stroke. PubMed:17006457 states that association with stroke has to be considered with caution. Defects in PDE4D are the cause of acrodysostosis type 2, with or without hormone resistance (ACRDYS2) [MIM:614613]. ACRDYS2 is a pleiotropic disorder characterized by skeletal, endocrine, and neurological abnormalities. Skeletal features include brachycephaly, midface hypoplasia with a small upturned nose, brachydactyly, and lumbar spinal stenosis. Endocrine abnormalities include hypothyroidism and hypogonadism in males and irregular menses in females. Developmental disability is a common finding but is variable in severity and can be associated with significant behavioral problems.[1] Function[PDE4D_HUMAN] Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes.[2] [3] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedPDE4 (phosphodiesterase-4)-selective inhibitors have attracted much attention as potential therapeutics for the treatment of both depression and major inflammatory diseases, but their practical application has been compromised by side effects. A possible cause for the side effects is that current PDE4-selective inhibitors similarly inhibit isoforms from all four PDE4 subfamilies. The development of PDE4 subfamily-selective inhibitors has been hampered by a lack of structural information. In the present study, we rectify this by providing the crystal structures of the catalytic domains of PDE4A, PDE4B and PDE4D in complex with the PDE4 inhibitor NVP {4-[8-(3-nitrophenyl)-[1,7]naphthyridin-6-yl]benzoic acid} as well as the unliganded PDE4C structure. NVP binds in the same conformation to the deep cAMP substrate pocket and interacts with the same residues in each instance. However, detailed structural comparison reveals significant conformational differences. Although the active sites of PDE4B and PDE4D are mostly comparable, PDE4A shows significant displacements of the residues next to the invariant glutamine residue that is critical for substrate and inhibitor binding. PDE4C appears to be more distal from other PDE4 subfamilies, with certain key residues being disordered. Our analyses provide the first structural basis for the development of PDE4 subfamily-selective inhibitors. Structures of the four subfamilies of phosphodiesterase-4 provide insight into the selectivity of their inhibitors.,Wang H, Peng MS, Chen Y, Geng J, Robinson H, Houslay MD, Cai J, Ke H Biochem J. 2007 Dec 1;408(2):193-201. PMID:17727341[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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