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Structural highlights

Function

[EAE_ECO57] Necessary for the production of attaching and effacing lesions on tissue culture cells. [TIR_ECO57] Multifunctional protein that is required for efficient pedestal formation in host epithelial cells during infection. The extracellular region acts as a receptor for bacterial intimin, allowing the bacterium to attach tightly to the host-cell surface. Simultaneously, the intracellular region initiates a signaling cascade in the host cell, which leads to actin polymerization and formation of actin pedestals at the sites of bacterial adhesion. In strain EDL933, acts via the effector protein EspF(U), in a phosphotyrosine- and NCK-independent manner. Tir binds to host BAIAP2, which mediates association with EspF(U) and leads to stimulation of actin polymerization.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

References

1. ↑ DeVinney R, Stein M, Reinscheid D, Abe A, Ruschkowski S, Finlay BB. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 produces Tir, which is translocated to the host cell membrane but is not tyrosine phosphorylated. Infect Immun. 1999 May;67(5):2389-98. PMID:10225900
2. ↑ Lommel S, Benesch S, Rohde M, Wehland J, Rottner K. Enterohaemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli use different mechanisms for actin pedestal formation that converge on N-WASP. Cell Microbiol. 2004 Mar;6(3):243-54. PMID:14764108
3. ↑ Campellone KG, Brady MJ, Alamares JG, Rowe DC, Skehan BM, Tipper DJ, Leong JM. Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli Tir requires a C-terminal 12-residue peptide to initiate EspF-mediated actin assembly and harbours N-terminal sequences that influence pedestal length. Cell Microbiol. 2006 Sep;8(9):1488-503. PMID:16922867 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00728.x
4. ↑ Brady MJ, Campellone KG, Ghildiyal M, Leong JM. Enterohaemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Tir proteins trigger a common Nck-independent actin assembly pathway. Cell Microbiol. 2007 Sep;9(9):2242-53. Epub 2007 May 23. PMID:17521329 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00954.x