3c1k
From Proteopedia
Crystal structure of thrombin in complex with inhibitor 15
Structural highlights
Disease[THRB_HUMAN] Defects in F2 are the cause of factor II deficiency (FA2D) [MIM:613679]. It is a very rare blood coagulation disorder characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding symptoms. The severity of the bleeding manifestations correlates with blood factor II levels.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] Genetic variations in F2 may be a cause of susceptibility to ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR) [MIM:601367]; also known as cerebrovascular accident or cerebral infarction. A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, is considered to be a highly complex disease consisting of a group of heterogeneous disorders with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors.[13] Defects in F2 are the cause of thrombophilia due to thrombin defect (THPH1) [MIM:188050]. It is a multifactorial disorder of hemostasis characterized by abnormal platelet aggregation in response to various agents and recurrent thrombi formation. Note=A common genetic variation in the 3-prime untranslated region of the prothrombin gene is associated with elevated plasma prothrombin levels and an increased risk of venous thrombosis. Defects in F2 are associated with susceptibility to pregnancy loss, recurrent, type 2 (RPRGL2) [MIM:614390]. A common complication of pregnancy, resulting in spontaneous abortion before the fetus has reached viability. The term includes all miscarriages from the time of conception until 24 weeks of gestation. Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as 3 or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.[14] Function[THRB_HUMAN] Thrombin, which cleaves bonds after Arg and Lys, converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates factors V, VII, VIII, XIII, and, in complex with thrombomodulin, protein C. Functions in blood homeostasis, inflammation and wound healing.[15] [HIR3C_HIRME] Hirudin is a potent thrombin-specific protease inhibitor. It forms a stable non-covalent complex with alpha-thrombin, thereby abolishing its ability to cleave fibrinogen. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedGuided by X-ray crystallography of thrombin-inhibitor complexes and molecular modeling, alkylation of the N1 nitrogen of the imidazole P1 ligand of the pyridinoneacetamide thrombin inhibitor 1 with various acetamide moieties furnished inhibitors with significantly improved thrombin potency, trypsin selectivity, functional in vitro anticoagulant potency and in vivo antithrombotic efficacy. In the pyrazinoneacetamide series, oral bioavailability was also improved. Structure-based design of novel groups for use in the P1 position of thrombin inhibitor scaffolds. Part 2: N-acetamidoimidazoles.,Isaacs RC, Solinsky MG, Cutrona KJ, Newton CL, Naylor-Olsen AM, McMasters DR, Krueger JA, Lewis SD, Lucas BJ, Kuo LC, Yan Y, Lynch JJ, Lyle EA Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Mar 15;18(6):2062-6. Epub 2008 Jan 30. PMID:18291642[16] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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Categories: Human | Thrombin | Yan, Y | Acute phase | Blood coagulation | Cleavage on pair of basic residue | Disease mutation | Gamma-carboxyglutamic acid | Glycoprotein | Hydrolase | Hydrolase-hydrolase inhibitor complex | Kringle | Protease | Protease inhibitor | Secreted | Serine protease | Serine protease inhibitor | Sulfation | Thrombin inhibitor complex | Zymogen
