6q84

Structural highlights

Function

[KA122_YEAST] Nuclear transport factor (karyopherin) involved in protein transport between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Required for the nuclear import of the complex composed the large subunit (TOA1) and the small subunit (TOA2) of the general transcription factor IIA (TFIIA). Required for the nuclear import of the RNR2-RNR4 heterodimer, also called beta-beta' subunit, which corresponds to the small subunit of the ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). May play a role in regulation of pleiotropic drug resistance.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]} [IF5A1_YEAST] mRNA-binding protein involved in translation elongation. Has an important function at the level of mRNA turnover, probably acting downstream of decapping. Involved in actin dynamics and cell cycle progression, mRNA decay and probably in a pathway involved in stress response and maintenance of cell wall integrity. Essential for polarized growth, a process necessary for G1/S transition. May mediate large range of effects of the polyamine spermidine in the cell.^{[5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13]} [RAN_HUMAN] GTP-binding protein involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Required for the import of protein into the nucleus and also for RNA export. Involved in chromatin condensation and control of cell cycle (By similarity). The complex with BIRC5/ survivin plays a role in mitotic spindle formation by serving as a physical scaffold to help deliver the RAN effector molecule TPX2 to microtubules. Acts as a negative regulator of the kinase activity of VRK1 and VRK2.^{[14] [15] [16] [17]} Enhances AR-mediated transactivation. Transactivation decreases as the poly-Gln length within AR increases.^{[18] [19] [20] [21]}

References

1. ↑ Titov AA, Blobel G. The karyopherin Kap122p/Pdr6p imports both subunits of the transcription factor IIA into the nucleus. J Cell Biol. 1999 Oct 18;147(2):235-46. PMID:10525531
2. ↑ Zhang Z, An X, Yang K, Perlstein DL, Hicks L, Kelleher N, Stubbe J, Huang M. Nuclear localization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribonucleotide reductase small subunit requires a karyopherin and a WD40 repeat protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jan 31;103(5):1422-7. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.0510516103. Epub 2006 Jan 23. PMID:16432237 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0510516103
3. ↑ Chen WN, Balzi E, Capieaux E, Choder M, Goffeau A. The DNA sequencing of the 17 kb HindIII fragment spanning the LEU1 and ATE1 loci on chromosome VII from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals the PDR6 gene, a new member of the genetic network controlling pleiotropic drug resistance. Yeast. 1991 Apr;7(3):287-99. doi: 10.1002/yea.320070311. PMID:1882553 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320070311
4. ↑ Wu X, Huang M. Dif1 controls subcellular localization of ribonucleotide reductase by mediating nuclear import of the R2 subunit. Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Dec;28(23):7156-67. doi: 10.1128/MCB.01388-08. Epub 2008 Oct , 6. PMID:18838542 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/MCB.01388-08
5. ↑ Lee YB, Joe YA, Wolff EC, Dimitriadis EK, Park MH. Complex formation between deoxyhypusine synthase and its protein substrate, the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) precursor. Biochem J. 1999 May 15;340 ( Pt 1):273-81. PMID:10229683
6. ↑ Zanelli CF, Valentini SR. Pkc1 acts through Zds1 and Gic1 to suppress growth and cell polarity defects of a yeast eIF5A mutant. Genetics. 2005 Dec;171(4):1571-81. Epub 2005 Sep 12. PMID:16157662 doi:http://dx.doi.org/genetics.105.048082
7. ↑ Chatterjee I, Gross SR, Kinzy TG, Chen KY. Rapid depletion of mutant eukaryotic initiation factor 5A at restrictive temperature reveals connections to actin cytoskeleton and cell cycle progression. Mol Genet Genomics. 2006 Mar;275(3):264-76. Epub 2006 Jan 12. PMID:16408210 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00438-005-0086-4
8. ↑ Zanelli CF, Maragno AL, Gregio AP, Komili S, Pandolfi JR, Mestriner CA, Lustri WR, Valentini SR. eIF5A binds to translational machinery components and affects translation in yeast. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Oct 6;348(4):1358-66. Epub 2006 Aug 7. PMID:16914118 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.195
9. ↑ Gregio AP, Cano VP, Avaca JS, Valentini SR, Zanelli CF. eIF5A has a function in the elongation step of translation in yeast. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Mar 20;380(4):785-90. Epub 2009 Jan 29. PMID:19338753 doi:http://dx.doi.org/S0006-291X(09)00203-4
10. ↑ Saini P, Eyler DE, Green R, Dever TE. Hypusine-containing protein eIF5A promotes translation elongation. Nature. 2009 May 7;459(7243):118-21. PMID:19424157 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nature08034
11. ↑ Benne R, Hershey JW. The mechanism of action of protein synthesis initiation factors from rabbit reticulocytes. J Biol Chem. 1978 May 10;253(9):3078-87. PMID:641056
12. ↑ Kang HA, Hershey JW. Effect of initiation factor eIF-5A depletion on protein synthesis and proliferation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 1994 Feb 11;269(6):3934-40. PMID:8307948
13. ↑ Zuk D, Jacobson A. A single amino acid substitution in yeast eIF-5A results in mRNA stabilization. EMBO J. 1998 May 15;17(10):2914-25. PMID:9582285 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emboj/17.10.2914
14. ↑ Hsiao PW, Lin DL, Nakao R, Chang C. The linkage of Kennedy's neuron disease to ARA24, the first identified androgen receptor polyglutamine region-associated coactivator. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jul 16;274(29):20229-34. PMID:10400640
15. ↑ Moroianu J, Blobel G, Radu A. Nuclear protein import: Ran-GTP dissociates the karyopherin alphabeta heterodimer by displacing alpha from an overlapping binding site on beta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jul 9;93(14):7059-62. PMID:8692944
16. ↑ Xia F, Canovas PM, Guadagno TM, Altieri DC. A survivin-ran complex regulates spindle formation in tumor cells. Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Sep;28(17):5299-311. Epub 2008 Jun 30. PMID:18591255 doi:10.1128/MCB.02039-07
17. ↑ Sanz-Garcia M, Lopez-Sanchez I, Lazo PA. Proteomics identification of nuclear Ran GTPase as an inhibitor of human VRK1 and VRK2 (vaccinia-related kinase) activities. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2008 Nov;7(11):2199-214. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M700586-MCP200., Epub 2008 Jul 9. PMID:18617507 doi:10.1074/mcp.M700586-MCP200
18. ↑ Hsiao PW, Lin DL, Nakao R, Chang C. The linkage of Kennedy's neuron disease to ARA24, the first identified androgen receptor polyglutamine region-associated coactivator. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jul 16;274(29):20229-34. PMID:10400640
19. ↑ Moroianu J, Blobel G, Radu A. Nuclear protein import: Ran-GTP dissociates the karyopherin alphabeta heterodimer by displacing alpha from an overlapping binding site on beta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jul 9;93(14):7059-62. PMID:8692944
20. ↑ Xia F, Canovas PM, Guadagno TM, Altieri DC. A survivin-ran complex regulates spindle formation in tumor cells. Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Sep;28(17):5299-311. Epub 2008 Jun 30. PMID:18591255 doi:10.1128/MCB.02039-07
21. ↑ Sanz-Garcia M, Lopez-Sanchez I, Lazo PA. Proteomics identification of nuclear Ran GTPase as an inhibitor of human VRK1 and VRK2 (vaccinia-related kinase) activities. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2008 Nov;7(11):2199-214. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M700586-MCP200., Epub 2008 Jul 9. PMID:18617507 doi:10.1074/mcp.M700586-MCP200