| Structural highlights
Disease
[VGFR1_HUMAN] Note=Can contribute to cancer cell survival, proliferation, migration, and invasion, and tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. May contribute to cancer pathogenesis by promoting inflammatory responses and recruitment of tumor-infiltrating macrophages. Note=Abnormally high expression of soluble isoforms (isoform 2, isoform 3 or isoform 4) may be a cause of preeclampsia.
Function
[VGFR1_HUMAN] Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as a cell-surface receptor for VEGFA, VEGFB and PGF, and plays an essential role in the development of embryonic vasculature, the regulation of angiogenesis, cell survival, cell migration, macrophage function, chemotaxis, and cancer cell invasion. May play an essential role as a negative regulator of embryonic angiogenesis by inhibiting excessive proliferation of endothelial cells. Can promote endothelial cell proliferation, survival and angiogenesis in adulthood. Its function in promoting cell proliferation seems to be cell-type specific. Promotes PGF-mediated proliferation of endothelial cells, proliferation of some types of cancer cells, but does not promote proliferation of normal fibroblasts (in vitro). Has very high affinity for VEGFA and relatively low protein kinase activity; may function as a negative regulator of VEGFA signaling by limiting the amount of free VEGFA and preventing its binding to KDR. Likewise, isoforms lacking a transmembrane domain, such as isoform 2, isoform 3 and isoform 4, may function as decoy receptors for VEGFA. Modulates KDR signaling by forming heterodimers with KDR. Ligand binding leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. Activation of PLCG leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and the activation of protein kinase C. Mediates phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, leading to activation of phosphatidylinositol kinase and the downstream signaling pathway. Mediates activation of MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signaling pathway, as well as of the AKT1 signaling pathway. Phosphorylates SRC and YES1, and may also phosphorylate CBL. Isoform 1 phosphorylates PLCG. Promotes phosphorylation of AKT1 at 'Ser-473'. Promotes phosphorylation of PTK2/FAK1. Isoform 7 has a truncated kinase domain; it increases phosphorylation of SRC at 'Tyr-418' by unknown means and promotes tumor cell invasion.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The extracellular portion of the VEGF and PlGF receptor, Flt-1 (or VEGFR-1), consists of seven immunoglobulin-like domains. The second domain from the N terminus (Flt-1D2) is necessary and sufficient for high affinity VEGF binding. The 1.7 A resolution crystal structure of Flt-1D2 bound to VEGF revealed that this domain is a member of the I-set of the immunoglobulin superfamily, but has several unusual features including a region near the N terminus that bulges away from the domain rather than pairing with the neighboring beta-strand. Some of the residues in this region make contact with VEGF, raising the possibility that this bulge could be a consequence of VEGF binding and might not be present in the absence of ligand. Here we report the three-dimensional structure of Flt-1D2 in its uncomplexed form determined by NMR spectroscopy. A semi-automated method for NOE assignment that takes advantage of the previously solved crystal structure was used to facilitate rapid analysis of the 3D NOESY spectra. The solution structure is very similar to the previously reported VEGF-bound crystal structure; the N-terminal bulge is present, albeit in a different conformation. We also report the 2.7 A crystal structure of Flt-1D2 in complex with VEGF solved in a different crystal form that reveals yet another conformation for the N-terminal bulge region. (1)H-(15)N heteronuclear NOEs indicate this region is flexible in solution; the crystal structures show that this region is able to adopt more than one conformation even when bound to VEGF. Thus, VEGF-binding is not accompanied by significant structural change in Flt-1D2, and the unusual structural features of Flt-1D2 are an intrinsic property of this domain.
Solution structure of the VEGF-binding domain of Flt-1: comparison of its free and bound states.,Starovasnik MA, Christinger HW, Wiesmann C, Champe MA, de Vos AM, Skelton NJ J Mol Biol. 1999 Oct 29;293(3):531-44. PMID:10543948[19]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Kendall RL, Thomas KA. Inhibition of vascular endothelial cell growth factor activity by an endogenously encoded soluble receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Nov 15;90(22):10705-9. PMID:8248162
- ↑ Jin P, Zhang J, Sumariwalla PF, Ni I, Jorgensen B, Crawford D, Phillips S, Feldmann M, Shepard HM, Paleolog EM. Novel splice variants derived from the receptor tyrosine kinase superfamily are potential therapeutics for rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2008;10(4):R73. doi: 10.1186/ar2447. Epub 2008 Jul 1. PMID:18593464 doi:10.1186/ar2447
- ↑ Sela S, Itin A, Natanson-Yaron S, Greenfield C, Goldman-Wohl D, Yagel S, Keshet E. A novel human-specific soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1: cell-type-specific splicing and implications to vascular endothelial growth factor homeostasis and preeclampsia. Circ Res. 2008 Jun 20;102(12):1566-74. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.171504. Epub, 2008 May 30. PMID:18515749 doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.171504
- ↑ Mezquita B, Mezquita J, Pau M, Mezquita C. A novel intracellular isoform of VEGFR-1 activates Src and promotes cell invasion in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. J Cell Biochem. 2010 Jun 1;110(3):732-42. doi: 10.1002/jcb.22584. PMID:20512933 doi:10.1002/jcb.22584
- ↑ Seetharam L, Gotoh N, Maru Y, Neufeld G, Yamaguchi S, Shibuya M. A unique signal transduction from FLT tyrosine kinase, a receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF. Oncogene. 1995 Jan 5;10(1):135-47. PMID:7824266
- ↑ Barleon B, Sozzani S, Zhou D, Weich HA, Mantovani A, Marme D. Migration of human monocytes in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is mediated via the VEGF receptor flt-1. Blood. 1996 Apr 15;87(8):3336-43. PMID:8605350
- ↑ Sawano A, Takahashi T, Yamaguchi S, Shibuya M. The phosphorylated 1169-tyrosine containing region of flt-1 kinase (VEGFR-1) is a major binding site for PLCgamma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Sep 18;238(2):487-91. PMID:9299537 doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7327
- ↑ Dunk C, Ahmed A. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2-mediated mitogenesis is negatively regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 in tumor epithelial cells. Am J Pathol. 2001 Jan;158(1):265-73. PMID:11141500 doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63965-X
- ↑ Angelucci C, Lama G, Iacopino F, Maglione D, Sica G. Effect of placenta growth factor-1 on proliferation and release of nitric oxide, cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in human epithelial cells expressing the FLT-1 receptor. Growth Factors. 2001;19(3):193-206. PMID:11811792
- ↑ Huang K, Andersson C, Roomans GM, Ito N, Claesson-Welsh L. Signaling properties of VEGF receptor-1 and -2 homo- and heterodimers. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2001 Apr;33(4):315-24. PMID:11312102
- ↑ Cai J, Ahmad S, Jiang WG, Huang J, Kontos CD, Boulton M, Ahmed A. Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 sustains angiogenesis and Bcl-2 expression via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in endothelial cells. Diabetes. 2003 Dec;52(12):2959-68. PMID:14633857
- ↑ Autiero M, Waltenberger J, Communi D, Kranz A, Moons L, Lambrechts D, Kroll J, Plaisance S, De Mol M, Bono F, Kliche S, Fellbrich G, Ballmer-Hofer K, Maglione D, Mayr-Beyrle U, Dewerchin M, Dombrowski S, Stanimirovic D, Van Hummelen P, Dehio C, Hicklin DJ, Persico G, Herbert JM, Communi D, Shibuya M, Collen D, Conway EM, Carmeliet P. Role of PlGF in the intra- and intermolecular cross talk between the VEGF receptors Flt1 and Flk1. Nat Med. 2003 Jul;9(7):936-43. PMID:12796773 doi:10.1038/nm884
- ↑ Fan F, Wey JS, McCarty MF, Belcheva A, Liu W, Bauer TW, Somcio RJ, Wu Y, Hooper A, Hicklin DJ, Ellis LM. Expression and function of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 on human colorectal cancer cells. Oncogene. 2005 Apr 14;24(16):2647-53. PMID:15735759 doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208246
- ↑ Lesslie DP, Summy JM, Parikh NU, Fan F, Trevino JG, Sawyer TK, Metcalf CA, Shakespeare WC, Hicklin DJ, Ellis LM, Gallick GE. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 mediates migration of human colorectal carcinoma cells by activation of Src family kinases. Br J Cancer. 2006 Jun 5;94(11):1710-7. PMID:16685275 doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603143
- ↑ Tchaikovski V, Fellbrich G, Waltenberger J. The molecular basis of VEGFR-1 signal transduction pathways in primary human monocytes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008 Feb;28(2):322-8. Epub 2007 Dec 13. PMID:18079407 doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.158022
- ↑ Nishi J, Minamino T, Miyauchi H, Nojima A, Tateno K, Okada S, Orimo M, Moriya J, Fong GH, Sunagawa K, Shibuya M, Komuro I. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 regulates postnatal angiogenesis through inhibition of the excessive activation of Akt. Circ Res. 2008 Aug 1;103(3):261-8. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.174128. Epub 2008 , Jun 26. PMID:18583712 doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.174128
- ↑ Taylor AP, Leon E, Goldenberg DM. Placental growth factor (PlGF) enhances breast cancer cell motility by mobilising ERK1/2 phosphorylation and cytoskeletal rearrangement. Br J Cancer. 2010 Jun 29;103(1):82-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605746. Epub 2010 Jun , 15. PMID:20551949 doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605746
- ↑ Ahmad S, Hewett PW, Al-Ani B, Sissaoui S, Fujisawa T, Cudmore MJ, Ahmed A. Autocrine activity of soluble Flt-1 controls endothelial cell function and angiogenesis. Vasc Cell. 2011 Jul 13;3(1):15. doi: 10.1186/2045-824X-3-15. PMID:21752276 doi:10.1186/2045-824X-3-15
- ↑ Starovasnik MA, Christinger HW, Wiesmann C, Champe MA, de Vos AM, Skelton NJ. Solution structure of the VEGF-binding domain of Flt-1: comparison of its free and bound states. J Mol Biol. 1999 Oct 29;293(3):531-44. PMID:10543948 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.1999.3134
|
