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Introduction
The insulin receptor is a vital proponent of cellular function. It plays a key role in a variety of cellular pathways including glucose homeostasis, regulation of lipid, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism, gene expression, and even modulation of brain neurotransmitter levels. This page focuses specifically on the insulin receptor's role in glucose homeostasis.
Structural Highlights
Figure 1. The Coolest Image of this Protein!
Function
Conformation Change
Relevance
Disease
One of the most common diseases involving the insulin receptor is diabetes mellitus. There are two types of diabetes- which are referred to as type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is classified as "insulin dependent" and is characterized by an inability for the body to produce insulin. This is most often the result of damage or insufficiency in the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes is classified as "insulin independent" and is the result of the body producing insufficient amounts of insulin, or not responding to the insulin. This often occurs because of high blood-glucose levels.
Treatment of Diabetes with Insulin
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