Cis-Prenyltransferases (cis-PTs) is a large enzyme family which is well conserved in all domains of life. Cis-PTs catalyze condensation reactions of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and produce linear polyprenyl diphosphate. The length of this isoprenoid carbon chain varies from short molecules like geranyl diphosphate (C10) to natural rubber (C>10’000). The human cis-Prenyltransferase Complex (hcis-PT) has an essential role in protein N-glycosylation. It synthesises the precursor of glycosyl carrier dolichol-phosphate. Mutations in gens coding for hcis-PT can cause severe diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa.
Structure
The hcis-PT subunits
The active site organization
Catalytical activity of the human cis-prenyltransferases
The elongation reaction in the hydrophobic active-site tunnel
Regulation of the product length
Importance of the enzyme
Product of the N-glycosilation
Disease comprehension
Structural highlights
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