2ql2

Structural highlights

Function

[NDF1_MOUSE] Acts as a transcriptional activator: mediates transcriptional activation by binding to E box-containing promoter consensus core sequences 5'-CANNTG-3'. Associates with the p300/CBP transcription coactivator complex to stimulate transcription of the secretin gene as well as the gene encoding the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A. Contributes to the regulation of several cell differentiation pathways, like those that promote the formation of early retinal ganglion cells, inner ear sensory neurons, granule cells forming either the cerebellum or the dentate gyrus cell layer of the hippocampus, endocrine islet cells of the pancreas and enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine. Together with PAX6 or SIX3, is required for the regulation of amacrine cell fate specification. Also required for dendrite morphogenesis and maintenance in the cerebellar cortex. Associates with chromatin to enhancer regulatory elements in genes encoding key transcriptional regulators of neurogenesis.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

• Journal:JBSD:27

References

1. ↑ Naya FJ, Huang HP, Qiu Y, Mutoh H, DeMayo FJ, Leiter AB, Tsai MJ. Diabetes, defective pancreatic morphogenesis, and abnormal enteroendocrine differentiation in BETA2/neuroD-deficient mice. Genes Dev. 1997 Sep 15;11(18):2323-34. PMID:9308961
2. ↑ Mutoh H, Naya FJ, Tsai MJ, Leiter AB. The basic helix-loop-helix protein BETA2 interacts with p300 to coordinate differentiation of secretin-expressing enteroendocrine cells. Genes Dev. 1998 Mar 15;12(6):820-30. PMID:9512516
3. ↑ Miyata T, Maeda T, Lee JE. NeuroD is required for differentiation of the granule cells in the cerebellum and hippocampus. Genes Dev. 1999 Jul 1;13(13):1647-52. PMID:10398678
4. ↑ Liu M, Pleasure SJ, Collins AE, Noebels JL, Naya FJ, Tsai MJ, Lowenstein DH. Loss of BETA2/NeuroD leads to malformation of the dentate gyrus and epilepsy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jan 18;97(2):865-70. PMID:10639171
5. ↑ Kim WY, Fritzsch B, Serls A, Bakel LA, Huang EJ, Reichardt LF, Barth DS, Lee JE. NeuroD-null mice are deaf due to a severe loss of the inner ear sensory neurons during development. Development. 2001 Feb;128(3):417-26. PMID:11152640
6. ↑ Inoue T, Hojo M, Bessho Y, Tano Y, Lee JE, Kageyama R. Math3 and NeuroD regulate amacrine cell fate specification in the retina. Development. 2002 Feb;129(4):831-42. PMID:11861467
7. ↑ Moore KB, Schneider ML, Vetter ML. Posttranslational mechanisms control the timing of bHLH function and regulate retinal cell fate. Neuron. 2002 Apr 11;34(2):183-95. PMID:11970861
8. ↑ Khoo S, Griffen SC, Xia Y, Baer RJ, German MS, Cobb MH. Regulation of insulin gene transcription by ERK1 and ERK2 in pancreatic beta cells. J Biol Chem. 2003 Aug 29;278(35):32969-77. Epub 2003 Jun 16. PMID:12810726 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M301198200
9. ↑ Lin CH, Stoeck J, Ravanpay AC, Guillemot F, Tapscott SJ, Olson JM. Regulation of neuroD2 expression in mouse brain. Dev Biol. 2004 Jan 1;265(1):234-45. PMID:14697366
10. ↑ Dufton C, Marcora E, Chae JH, McCullough J, Eby J, Hausburg M, Stein GH, Khoo S, Cobb MH, Lee JE. Context-dependent regulation of NeuroD activity and protein accumulation. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2005 Apr;28(4):727-36. PMID:15797719 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcn.2004.12.004
11. ↑ Seo S, Lim JW, Yellajoshyula D, Chang LW, Kroll KL. Neurogenin and NeuroD direct transcriptional targets and their regulatory enhancers. EMBO J. 2007 Dec 12;26(24):5093-108. Epub 2007 Nov 15. PMID:18007592 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.emboj.7601923
12. ↑ Neptune ER, Podowski M, Calvi C, Cho JH, Garcia JG, Tuder R, Linnoila RI, Tsai MJ, Dietz HC. Targeted disruption of NeuroD, a proneural basic helix-loop-helix factor, impairs distal lung formation and neuroendocrine morphology in the neonatal lung. J Biol Chem. 2008 Jul 25;283(30):21160-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M708692200. Epub 2008 , Mar 13. PMID:18339630 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M708692200
13. ↑ Roybon L, Deierborg T, Brundin P, Li JY. Involvement of Ngn2, Tbr and NeuroD proteins during postnatal olfactory bulb neurogenesis. Eur J Neurosci. 2009 Jan;29(2):232-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06595.x. PMID:19200230 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06595.x
14. ↑ Anderson KR, Torres CA, Solomon K, Becker TC, Newgard CB, Wright CV, Hagman J, Sussel L. Cooperative transcriptional regulation of the essential pancreatic islet gene NeuroD1 (beta2) by Nkx2.2 and neurogenin 3. J Biol Chem. 2009 Nov 6;284(45):31236-48. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.048694. Epub 2009, Sep 15. PMID:19759004 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.048694
15. ↑ Cherry TJ, Wang S, Bormuth I, Schwab M, Olson J, Cepko CL. NeuroD factors regulate cell fate and neurite stratification in the developing retina. J Neurosci. 2011 May 18;31(20):7365-79. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2555-10.2011. PMID:21593321 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2555-10.2011
16. ↑ Longo A, Guanga GP, Rose RB. Crystal structure of E47-NeuroD1/beta2 bHLH domain-DNA complex: heterodimer selectivity and DNA recognition. Biochemistry. 2008 Jan 8;47(1):218-29. Epub 2007 Dec 11. PMID:18069799 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi701527r