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From Proteopedia
Structure of Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase with a Bound Inhibitor
Structural highlights
Disease[PYRD_HUMAN] Defects in DHODH are the cause of postaxial acrofacial dysostosis (POADS) [MIM:263750]; also known as Miller syndrome. POADS is characterized by severe micrognathia, cleft lip and/or palate, hypoplasia or aplasia of the posterior elements of the limbs, coloboma of the eyelids and supernumerary nipples. POADS is a very rare disorder: only 2 multiplex families, each consisting of 2 affected siblings born to unaffected, nonconsanguineous parents, have been described among a total of around 30 reported cases.[1] Function[PYRD_HUMAN] Catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotate with quinone as electron acceptor. Publication Abstract from PubMedThe de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is an emerging drug target for the treatment of malaria. In this context a key property of Plasmodium falciparum DHODH (PfDHODH) is that it can be selectively inhibited over its human homologue (HsDHODH). However, HsDHODH is also a validated drug target for autoimmune diseases such as arthritis. Here a series of novel inhibitors is described that includes compounds that switch specificity between the two enzymes as a result of small alterations in chemical structure. Structure-activity relationship (SAR), crystallography, docking, and mutagenesis studies are used to examine the binding modes of the compounds within the two enzymes and to reveal structural changes induced by inhibitor binding. Within this series, compounds with therapeutically relevant HsDHODH activity are described and their binding modes characterized using X-ray crystallography, which reveals a novel conformational shift within the inhibitor binding site. Factors Influencing the Specificity of Inhibitor Binding to the Human and Malaria Parasite Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenases.,Bedingfield PT, Cowen D, Acklam P, Cunningham F, Parsons MR, McConkey GA, Fishwick CW, Johnson AP J Med Chem. 2012 Jun 15. PMID:22621375[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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