7e6v

Structural highlights

Function

[B8Y0J7_9PICO] Associates with and induces structural rearrangements of intracellular membranes. Triggers host autophagy by interacting with host BECN1 and thereby promotes viral replication. Participates in viral replication and interacts with host DHX9. Displays RNA-binding, nucleotide binding and NTPase activities. May play a role in virion morphogenesis and viral RNA encapsidation by interacting with the capsid protein VP3.[ARBA:ARBA00003578] Capsid protein V3: Forms an icosahedral capsid of pseudo T=3 symmetry with capsid proteins VP0 and VP3. The capsid is composed of 60 copies of each capsid protein organized in the form of twelve pentamers and encloses the viral positive strand RNA genome.[ARBA:ARBA00003160] Covalently linked to the 5'-end of both the positive-strand and negative-strand genomic RNAs. Acts as a genome-linked replication primer.[ARBA:ARBA00002573] Cysteine protease that generates mature viral proteins from the precursor polyprotein. In addition to its proteolytic activity, binds to viral RNA and thus influences viral genome replication. RNA and substrate bind cooperatively to the protease.[ARBA:ARBA00004047] Mediates self-processing of the polyprotein by a translational effect termed 'ribosome skipping'. Mechanistically, 2A-mediated cleavage occurs between the C-terminal glycine and the proline of the downstream protein 2B. In the case of foot-and-mouth disease virus, the 2A oligopeptide is post-translationally 'trimmed' from the C-terminus of the upstream protein 1D by 3C proteinase.[ARBA:ARBA00002616] Plays an essential role in the virus replication cycle by acting as a viroporin. Creates a pore in the host reticulum endoplasmic and as a consequence releases Ca2+ in the cytoplasm of infected cell. In turn, high levels of cytoplasmic calcium may trigger membrane trafficking and transport of viral ER-associated proteins to viroplasms, sites of viral genome replication.[ARBA:ARBA00003379] Plays important roles in virus replication, virulence and host range.[ARBA:ARBA00003095] RNA-directed RNA polymerase 3D-POL replicates genomic and antigenomic RNA by recognizing replications specific signals. Covalently attaches UMP to a tyrosine of VPg, which is used to prime RNA synthesis. The positive stranded RNA genome is first replicated at virus induced membranous vesicles, creating a dsRNA genomic replication form. This dsRNA is then used as template to synthesize positive stranded RNA genomes. ss(+)RNA genomes are either translated, replicated or encapsidated.[ARBA:ARBA00004027]

References

1. ↑ Zhang C, Yang F, Wojdyla JA, Qin B, Zhang W, Zheng M, Cao W, Wang M, Gao X, Zheng H, Cui S. An anti-picornaviral strategy based on the crystal structure of foot-and-mouth disease virus 2C protein. Cell Rep. 2022 Jul 5;40(1):111030. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111030. PMID:35793627 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111030