4wy4

Structural highlights

Disease

[SNP29_HUMAN] CEDNIK syndrome. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Function

[SNP29_HUMAN] SNAREs, Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptors, are essential proteins for fusion of cellular membranes. SNAREs localized on opposing membranes assemble to form a trans-SNARE complex, an extended, parallel four alpha-helical bundle that drives membrane fusion. SNAP29 is a SNARE involved in autophagy through the direct control of autophagosome membrane fusion with the lysososome membrane. Probably involved in multiple membrane trafficking steps.^[1] [VAMP8_HUMAN] SNAREs, Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptors, are essential proteins for fusion of cellular membranes. SNAREs localized on opposing membranes assemble to form a trans-SNARE complex, an extended, parallel four alpha-helical bundle that drives membrane fusion. VAMP8 is a SNARE involved in autophagy through the direct control of autophagosome membrane fusion with the lysososome membrane. Also required for dense-granule secretion in platelets. Plays also a role in regulated enzyme secretion in pancreatic acinar cells. Involved in the abscission of the midbody during cell division, which leads to completely separate daughter cells. Involved in the homotypic fusion of early and late endosomes.^{[2] [3]} [STX17_HUMAN] SNAREs, Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptors, are essential proteins for fusion of cellular membranes. SNAREs localized on opposing membranes assemble to form a trans-SNARE complex, an extended, parallel four alpha-helical bundle that drives membrane fusion. STX17 is a SNARE of the autophagosome involved in autophagy through the direct control of autophagosome membrane fusion with the lysosome membrane. May also play a role in the early secretory pathway where it may maintain the architecture of the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment/ERGIC and Golgi and/or regulate transport between the endoplasmic reticulum, the ERGIC and the Golgi (PubMed:21545355).^{[4] [5]}

See Also

• Synaptosomal-associated protein
• Syntaxin
• Vesicle-associated membrane protein

References

1. ↑ Itakura E, Kishi-Itakura C, Mizushima N. The hairpin-type tail-anchored SNARE syntaxin 17 targets to autophagosomes for fusion with endosomes/lysosomes. Cell. 2012 Dec 7;151(6):1256-69. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.001. PMID:23217709 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.001
2. ↑ Polgar J, Chung SH, Reed GL. Vesicle-associated membrane protein 3 (VAMP-3) and VAMP-8 are present in human platelets and are required for granule secretion. Blood. 2002 Aug 1;100(3):1081-3. PMID:12130530
3. ↑ Itakura E, Kishi-Itakura C, Mizushima N. The hairpin-type tail-anchored SNARE syntaxin 17 targets to autophagosomes for fusion with endosomes/lysosomes. Cell. 2012 Dec 7;151(6):1256-69. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.001. PMID:23217709 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.001
4. ↑ Muppirala M, Gupta V, Swarup G. Syntaxin 17 cycles between the ER and ERGIC and is required to maintain the architecture of ERGIC and Golgi. Biol Cell. 2011 Jul;103(7):333-50. doi: 10.1042/BC20110006. PMID:21545355 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BC20110006
5. ↑ Itakura E, Kishi-Itakura C, Mizushima N. The hairpin-type tail-anchored SNARE syntaxin 17 targets to autophagosomes for fusion with endosomes/lysosomes. Cell. 2012 Dec 7;151(6):1256-69. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.001. PMID:23217709 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.001
6. ↑ Diao J, Liu R, Rong Y, Zhao M, Zhang J, Lai Y, Zhou Q, Wilz LM, Li J, Vivona S, Pfuetzner RA, Brunger AT, Zhong Q. ATG14 promotes membrane tethering and fusion of autophagosomes to endolysosomes. Nature. 2015 Feb 9. doi: 10.1038/nature14147. PMID:25686604 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14147