5h8q

Structural highlights

Disease

[NMDE1_HUMAN] Landau-Kleffner syndrome;Early-onset epileptic encephalopathy and intellectual disability due to GRIN2A mutation;Continuous spikes and waves during sleep;Rolandic epilepsy;Rolandic epilepsy - speech dyspraxia. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. A chromosomal aberration involving GRIN2A has been found in a family with epilepsy and neurodevelopmental defects. Translocation t(16;17)(p13.2;q11.2). GRIN2A somatic mutations have been frequently found in cutaneous malignant melanoma, suggesting that the glutamate signaling pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of melanoma.^{[1] [2]} [NMDZ1_HUMAN] Defects in GRIN1 are the cause of mental retardation autosomal dominant type 8 (MRD8) [MIM:614254]. Mental retardation is characterized by significantly below average general intellectual functioning associated with impairments in adaptative behavior and manifested during the developmental period.^[3]

Function

[NMDE1_HUMAN] NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels possesses high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Activation requires binding of agonist to both types of subunits. [NMDZ1_HUMAN] NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Mediated by glycine. This protein plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, synaptogenesis, excitotoxicity, memory acquisition and learning. It mediates neuronal functions in glutamate neurotransmission. Is involved in the cell surface targeting of NMDA receptors (By similarity).

References

1. ↑ Wei X, Walia V, Lin JC, Teer JK, Prickett TD, Gartner J, Davis S, Stemke-Hale K, Davies MA, Gershenwald JE, Robinson W, Robinson S, Rosenberg SA, Samuels Y. Exome sequencing identifies GRIN2A as frequently mutated in melanoma. Nat Genet. 2011 May;43(5):442-6. doi: 10.1038/ng.810. Epub 2011 Apr 15. PMID:21499247 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.810
2. ↑ D'mello SA, Flanagan JU, Green TN, Leung EY, Askarian-Amiri ME, Joseph WR, McCrystal MR, Isaacs RJ, Shaw JH, Furneaux CE, During MJ, Finlay GJ, Baguley BC, Kalev-Zylinska ML. Evidence That GRIN2A Mutations in Melanoma Correlate with Decreased Survival. Front Oncol. 2014 Jan 13;3:333. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00333. eCollection 2014, Jan 13. PMID:24455489 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00333
3. ↑ Hamdan FF, Gauthier J, Araki Y, Lin DT, Yoshizawa Y, Higashi K, Park AR, Spiegelman D, Dobrzeniecka S, Piton A, Tomitori H, Daoud H, Massicotte C, Henrion E, Diallo O, Shekarabi M, Marineau C, Shevell M, Maranda B, Mitchell G, Nadeau A, D'Anjou G, Vanasse M, Srour M, Lafreniere RG, Drapeau P, Lacaille JC, Kim E, Lee JR, Igarashi K, Huganir RL, Rouleau GA, Michaud JL. Excess of de novo deleterious mutations in genes associated with glutamatergic systems in nonsyndromic intellectual disability. Am J Hum Genet. 2011 Mar 11;88(3):306-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.02.001. Epub, 2011 Mar 3. PMID:21376300 doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.02.001
4. ↑ Hackos DH, Lupardus PJ, Grand T, Chen Y, Wang TM, Reynen P, Gustafson A, Wallweber HJ, Volgraf M, Sellers BD, Schwarz JB, Paoletti P, Sheng M, Zhou Q, Hanson JE. Positive Allosteric Modulators of GluN2A-Containing NMDARs with Distinct Modes of Action and Impacts on Circuit Function. Neuron. 2016 Mar 2;89(5):983-99. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.01.016. Epub 2016 Feb, 11. PMID:26875626 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2016.01.016