5t3s
From Proteopedia
HIV gp140 trimer MD39-10MUTA in complex with Fabs PGT124 and 35022
Structural highlights
Function[Q2N0S6_9HIV1] The envelope glyprotein gp160 precursor down-modulates cell surface CD4 antigen by interacting with it in the endoplasmic reticulum and blocking its transport to the cell surface (By similarity).[RuleBase:RU004292][SAAS:SAAS000328_004_020447] The gp120-gp41 heterodimer allows rapid transcytosis of the virus through CD4 negative cells such as simple epithelial monolayers of the intestinal, rectal and endocervical epithelial barriers. Both gp120 and gp41 specifically recognize glycosphingolipids galactosyl-ceramide (GalCer) or 3' sulfo-galactosyl-ceramide (GalS) present in the lipid rafts structures of epithelial cells. Binding to these alternative receptors allows the rapid transcytosis of the virus through the epithelial cells. This transcytotic vesicle-mediated transport of virions from the apical side to the basolateral side of the epithelial cells does not involve infection of the cells themselves (By similarity).[SAAS:SAAS000328_004_240990] Publication Abstract from PubMedBroadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against the N332 supersite of the HIV envelope (Env) trimer are the most common bnAbs induced during infection, making them promising leads for vaccine design. Wild-type Env glycoproteins lack detectable affinity for supersite-bnAb germline precursors and are therefore unsuitable immunogens to prime supersite-bnAb responses. We employed mammalian cell surface display to design stabilized Env trimers with affinity for germline-reverted precursors of PGT121-class supersite bnAbs. The trimers maintained native-like antigenicity and structure, activated PGT121 inferred-germline B cells ex vivo when multimerized on liposomes, and primed PGT121-like responses in PGT121 inferred-germline knockin mice. Design intermediates have levels of epitope modification between wild-type and germline-targeting trimers; their mutation gradient suggests sequential immunization to induce bnAbs, in which the germline-targeting prime is followed by progressively less-mutated design intermediates and, lastly, with native trimers. The vaccine design strategies described could be utilized to target other epitopes on HIV or other pathogens. HIV Vaccine Design to Target Germline Precursors of Glycan-Dependent Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies.,Steichen JM, Kulp DW, Tokatlian T, Escolano A, Dosenovic P, Stanfield RL, McCoy LE, Ozorowski G, Hu X, Kalyuzhniy O, Briney B, Schiffner T, Garces F, Freund NT, Gitlin AD, Menis S, Georgeson E, Kubitz M, Adachi Y, Jones M, Mutafyan AA, Yun DS, Mayer CT, Ward AB, Burton DR, Wilson IA, Irvine DJ, Nussenzweig MC, Schief WR Immunity. 2016 Sep 20;45(3):483-96. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.08.016. Epub 2016 , Sep 8. PMID:27617678[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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