5v6y
From Proteopedia
Crystal structure of the human CLR:RAMP1 extracellular domain heterodimer with bound high-affinity and altered selectivity adrenomedullin variant
Structural highlights
Function[MALE_ECO57] Involved in the high-affinity maltose membrane transport system MalEFGK. Initial receptor for the active transport of and chemotaxis toward maltooligosaccharides (By similarity). [ADML_HUMAN] AM and PAMP are potent hypotensive and vasodilatator agents. Numerous actions have been reported most related to the physiologic control of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. In the kidney, am is diuretic and natriuretic, and both am and pamp inhibit aldosterone secretion by direct adrenal actions. In pituitary gland, both peptides at physiologically relevant doses inhibit basal ACTH secretion. Both peptides appear to act in brain and pituitary gland to facilitate the loss of plasma volume, actions which complement their hypotensive effects in blood vessels. Publication Abstract from PubMedBinding of the vasodilator peptides adrenomedullin (AM) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) to the class B GPCR calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) is modulated by receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMP). RAMP1 favors CGRP, whereas RAMP2 and RAMP3 favor AM. Crystal structures of peptide-bound RAMP1/2-CLR extracellular domain (ECD) heterodimers suggested RAMPs alter ligand preference through direct peptide contacts and allosteric modulation of CLR. Here, we probed this dual mechanism through rational structure-guided design of AM and CGRP antagonist variants. Variants were characterized for binding to purified RAMP1/2-CLR ECD and for antagonism of the full-length CGRP (RAMP1:CLR), AM1 (RAMP2:CLR), and AM2 (RAMP3:CLR) receptors. Short nM affinity AM(37-52) and CGRP(27-37) variants were obtained through substitutions including AM S45W/Q50W and CGRP K35W/A36S designed to stabilize their beta-turn. K46L and Y52F substitutions designed to exploit RAMP allosteric effects and direct peptide contacts, respectively, yielded AM variants with selectivity for the CGRP receptor over the AM1 receptor. AM(37-52) S45W/K46L/Q50W/Y52F exhibited nM potency at the CGRP receptor and muM potency at AM1 A 2.8 A resolution crystal structure of this variant bound to the RAMP1-CLR ECD confirmed that it bound as designed. CGRP(27-37) N31D/S34P/K35W/A36S exhibited potency and selectivity comparable to the traditional antagonist CGRP(8-37). Giving this variant the ability to contact RAMP2 through the F37Y substitution increased affinity for AM1, but it still preferred the CGRP receptor. These potent peptide antagonists with altered selectivity and nM potency inform the development of AM/CGRP-based pharmacological tools and support the hypothesis that RAMPs alter CLR ligand selectivity through allosteric effects and direct peptide contacts. Probing the mechanism of receptor activity-modifying protein modulation of GPCR ligand selectivity through rational design of potent adrenomedullin and calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonists.,Booe JM, Warner ML, Roehrkasse AM, Hay DL, Pioszak AA Mol Pharmacol. 2018 Jan 23. pii: mol.117.110916. doi: 10.1124/mol.117.110916. PMID:29363552[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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