3zkc
From Proteopedia
Crystal structure of the master regulator for biofilm formation SinR in complex with DNA.
Structural highlights
Function[SINR_BACSU] Negative as well as positive regulator of alternate developmental processes that are induced at the end of vegetative growth in response to nutrient depletion. Binds to the alkaline protease (aprE) gene at two sites. Also acts as a repressor of the key sporulation gene spo0A. Negatively regulates transcription of the eps operon, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of an exopolysaccharide involved in biofilm formation; therefore it could govern the transition between a state in which bacteria swim or swarm and a state in which bacteria assemble into multicellular communities. Acts with Hpr as a corepressor of epr expression. Also negatively regulates transcription of the lutABC operon, which is required for lactate utilization. Repressor activity is regulated by SinI.[1] [2] [3] [4] Publication Abstract from PubMedSinR is the master regulator that determines whether Bacillus subtilis switches from a free-living, planktonic lifestyle to form a biofilm, a community of cells attached to a surface by an extracellular matrix. Biofilms are an increasing environmental and healthcare issue, causing problems ranging from the bio-fouling of ocean-going vessels, to dental plaque, infections of the urinary tract and contamination of medical instruments such as catheters. SinR inhibits biofilm formation by repressing a number of extracellular matrix-associated operons. The activity of SinR is controlled by the SinR antagonists, SinI, SlrA and SlrR, which interact with SinR to regulate its function. We have combined isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters governing the protein:protein and protein:DNA interactions at the heart of this epigenetic switch. Finally, we present the crystal structure of the SinR tetramer in complex with DNA, revealing the molecular basis of base-specific DNA recognition by SinR and the mode by which SinR activity is controlled by interaction with its antagonists. Molecular Basis of the Activity of SinR, the Master Regulator of Biofilm Formation in Bacillus subtilis.,Newman JA, Rodrigues C, Lewis RJ J Biol Chem. 2013 Feb 21. PMID:23430750[5] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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