Structural highlights
Function
[ARF1_HUMAN] GTP-binding protein that functions as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit, an ADP-ribosyltransferase. Involved in protein trafficking among different compartments. Modulates vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi complex. Deactivation induces the redistribution of the entire Golgi complex to the endoplasmic reticulum, suggesting a crucial role in protein trafficking. In its GTP-bound form, its triggers the association with coat proteins with the Golgi membrane. The hydrolysis of ARF1-bound GTP, which is mediated by ARFGAPs proteins, is required for dissociation of coat proteins from Golgi membranes and vesicles.
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) are essential and ubiquitous in eukaryotes, being involved in vesicular transport and functioning as an activator of phospholipase D (refs 1, 2) and cholera toxin. The functions of ARF proteins in membrane traffic and organelle integrity are intimately tied to its reversible association with membranes and specific interactions with membrane phospholipids. One common feature of these functions is their regulation by the binding and hydrolysis of GTP. Here we report the three-dimensional structure of full-length human ARF1 (M(r) 21,000) in its GDP-bound non-myristoylated form. The presence of a unique amino-terminal alpha-helix and loop, together with differences in Mg2+ ligation and the existence of a non-crystallographic dimer, set this structure apart from other GTP-binding proteins. These features provide a structural basis for the GTP-dependent modulation of membrane affinity, the lack of intrinsic GTPase activity, and the nature of effector binding surfaces.
Structure of the human ADP-ribosylation factor 1 complexed with GDP.,Amor JC, Harrison DH, Kahn RA, Ringe D Nature. 1994 Dec 15;372(6507):704-8. PMID:7990966[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Amor JC, Harrison DH, Kahn RA, Ringe D. Structure of the human ADP-ribosylation factor 1 complexed with GDP. Nature. 1994 Dec 15;372(6507):704-8. PMID:7990966 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/372704a0
