3sp6
From Proteopedia
Structural basis for iloprost as a dual PPARalpha/delta agonist
Structural highlights
Function[PPARA_HUMAN] Ligand-activated transcription factor. Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleylethanolamide, a naturally occurring lipid that regulates satiety (By similarity). Receptor for peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as transcription activator for the ACOX1 and P450 genes. Transactivation activity requires heterodimerization with RXRA and is antagonized by NR2C2.[1] [2] [3] [4] [PRGC2_HUMAN] Plays a role of stimulator of transcription factors and nuclear receptors activities. Activates transcritional activity of estrogen receptor alpha, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and glucocorticoid receptor in the presence of glucocorticoids. May play a role in constitutive non-adrenergic-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis as suggested by increased basal oxygen consumption and mitochondrial number when overexpressed. May be involved in fat oxidation and non-oxidative glucose metabolism and in the regulation of energy expenditure. Induces the expression of PERM1 in the skeletal muscle in an ESRRA-dependent manner.[5] [6] [7] [8] Publication Abstract from PubMedIloprost is a prostacyclin analog that has been used to treat many vascular conditions. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-regulated transcription factors with various important biological effects such as metabolic and cardiovascular physiology. Here, we report the crystal structures of the PPARalpha ligand-binding domain and PPARdelta ligand-binding domain bound to iloprost, thus providing unambiguous evidence for the direct interaction between iloprost and PPARs and a structural basis for the recognition of PPARalpha/delta by this prostacyclin analog. In addition to conserved contacts for all PPARalpha ligands, iloprost also initiates several specific interactions with PPARs using its unique structural groups. Structural and functional studies of receptor-ligand interactions reveal strong functional correlations of the iloprost-PPARalpha/delta interactions as well as the molecular basis of PPAR subtype selectivity toward iloprost ligand. As such, the structural mechanism may provide a more rational template for designing novel compounds targeting PPARs with more favorable pharmacologic impact based on existing iloprost drugs. Structural basis for iloprost as a dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/delta agonist.,Jin L, Lin S, Rong H, Zheng S, Jin S, Wang R, Li Y J Biol Chem. 2011 Sep 9;286(36):31473-9. Epub 2011 Jul 20. PMID:21775429[9] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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